从公文档案到“地方立法”:清代粤东省例的编纂历程  

From Official Diplomas to"Local Legislation":The Compiling Process of YueDong ShengLi in the Qing Dynasty

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作  者:刘浩田 LIU Haotian(Law School of Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区:[1]清华大学法学院,北京100084

出  处:《档案学通讯》2025年第2期108-115,共8页Archives Science Bulletin

基  金:国家社会科学基金重点项目“清朝经营西北边疆成败得失研究”(20AFX006);北京市社会科学基金重点项目“清代法制之腹边文化互动研究”(20FXA004)。

摘  要:清中晚期出现的省例是官衙档案“择要汇存”的产物,北京大学图书馆藏清抄本《粤东省例》保留了省例的原始文献形态。根据抄本缮写、编目及检阅的痕迹判断,《粤东省例》是将历朝省例、奏议、成案、文告及杂锦等公文书汇编成套,其最后一位编抄人很可能是同光年间肇庆府的文书人员。在收集文牍后,《粤东省例》的编纂人按照政务习惯和“以类相从”“依案找法”的思维进行文书分类、体例编排,以便阅读者进行类案检索,与成熟的刻本《省例》子目录共享相同的知识结构。道光二十六年刻本《粤东省例新纂》,则是幕友将源于邸抄的题奏、咨覆及本省通饬等抄记为抄本“省例”后,由藩署官员将之删约刻印为《省例》;此后随本省公文的增衍而持续进行抄本“省例”的插补,构成了公牍与省例、抄本与刻本的编纂循环,对省例实现“因地制宜”具有重要的程序价值。The Shengli that appeared in the middle and late Qing Dynasty were the product of"choosing to collect and store"the official archives.The Peking university library collects a Qing Dynasty transcript Yuedong Shengli,remains the original form of the Shengli in the middle and late Qing Dynasty.According to the traces of transcription,cataloguing and review of the transcript,it is speculated that the Yuedong Shengli is a compilation of the original official diplomas such as Shengli,memorials,model cases,announcements,miscellany and other diplomas of the past dynasties,and the last person who compiled it is probably a clerk such as private secretaries of the county of Zhaoqing in Guangdong Province during the Empire Tongzhi or Guangxi period.After collecting the diplomas,the compiler of the Yuedong Shengli classifies the diplomas and provide a framework according to the political conventions and the principles of"following the nature"and"searching articles by comparing cases",so that readers can search the similar cases conveniently and share the same knowledge structure with the mature Shengli subdirectory.Yuedong Shengli Xinzuan in 1846 was compiled by Guangdong officials who edited the transcript and printed it.The transcript of Shengli was made by the private secretaries who copied the memorial on the News from Beijing and the official diplomas of their provinces.After that,due to the increase of official diplomas,the private secretaries continued to supplement the transcript of Shengli.Thus constituted the compilation cycle of official diplomas and Shengli,transcripts and engravings,which has important procedural value for the realization of"adapting to local conditions"of Shengli.

关 键 词:公文书 粤东省例 法律编纂 地方立法 

分 类 号:C931.46[经济管理—管理学] G274[文化科学—档案学]

 

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