常用脱酸剂脱酸效果对比研究  

Comparative Study on the Effect of Common Deacidification Agents

作　　者：张美芳[1] 王亚亚 宋辰昊 ZHANG Meifang;WANG Yaya;SONG Chenhao(School of Information Resource Management,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China;School of Public Administration,Xiangtan University,Xiangtan 411105,China;School of Chemistry and Life Resources,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学信息资源管理学院,北京100872 [2]湘潭大学公共管理学院,湘潭411105 [3]中国人民大学化学与生命资源学院,北京100872

出　　处：《档案学通讯》2025年第2期116-124,共9页Archives Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家社会科学重大项目“中国人民大学藏唐代西域出土文献整理与研究”(20&ZD250)。

摘　　要：针对目前国内脱酸产品种类多、设备复杂、档案用户十分关注脱酸技术,但在开展脱酸应用时较为盲目的现状,需要科学验证脱酸技术的效果和应用场景。依据脱酸物质种类、颗粒大小、溶剂种类和分散相等不同,选择国内认可度较高的5种脱酸剂,遵循国家标准,开展脱酸效果和质量的系统对比实验研究。选择同样实验样品,在同一实验平台,采用手工喷洒的方式处理样品,开展脱酸剂处理前后pH值、碱储量、均匀性、挥发性、对纸张及字迹的影响等多方面测试,验证脱酸技术质量及效果。从脱酸剂自身性能的检测,印证脱酸产品特点和应用效果;通过各项加速老化实验,一方面证明脱酸剂的长效性,回应脱酸技术应用后返酸的疑问;另一方面确保脱酸剂对档案纸张和字迹没有影响。实验得出,脱酸效果的综合评定需要系统的实验验证;脱酸剂A和E在脱酸应用效果长期保存性能、纸质档案可适用性等方面满足要求,可实现档案纸张脱酸后延长寿命的作用。Currently in China,there exists a wide range of deacidification products and sophisticated equipment,which has garnered significant attention from archive users regarding the efficacy of deacidification technology.However,it is evident that the current application of deacidification lacks scientific verification and requires further investigation into its effectiveness and appropriate scenarios for implementation.Based on variations in the types of deacidification substances,particle sizes of deacidification substances,solvent types,and dispersion phases,this study has selected five domestically recognized high-acceptance deacidification agents to conduct a comprehensive comparative experimental investigation into their effectiveness and qualities,following the national standard.Select the same experimental samples,use the manual spraying method to treat the samples on the same experimental platform,and conduct multiple tests,including pH value,alkaline reserve,uniformity,volatility,and the impact on both paper and handwriting before and after treatment with deacidification agents,so as to verify the quality and effectiveness of the deacidification technology.The evaluation of the deacidification agent's performance validates the characteristics and application efficacy of the product.Through various accelerated aging experiments,it not only demonstrates the long-term effectiveness of the deacidification agent,addressing concerns about acid rebound after its application,but also ensures its compatibility with archival paper and handwriting.The experiment concludes that a comprehensive evaluation of deacidification effect requires systematic experimental verification.Deacidification agents A and E meet the requirements in terms of deacidification application effectiveness,long-term preservation performance,and suitability for paper archives,etc.,and can play the role of extending the lifespan of archival papers after deacidification.

关 键 词：脱酸剂 脱酸效果 纸张性能 字迹耐久性 

分 类 号：G273.3[文化科学—档案学]