染料/无机盐高效选择分离性含纳米空腔纳滤膜的制备  

Preparation of nanofiltration membranes with nanocavity for efficent separation selectivity of dye/inorganic salt

作　　者：夏文 黄亦涵 秘一芳 XIA Wen;HUANG Yihan;MI Yifang(Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology,Ministry of Education,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学先进纺织材料与制备技术教育部重点实验室,杭州310018

出　　处：《浙江理工大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第2期146-156,共11页Journal of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金项目(LY22B060011)。

摘　　要：为提高纳滤膜的水渗透通量、染料/无机盐选择分离性和抗污染能力,合成了氨基修饰的β-环糊精(Amino-functionalized β-cyclodextrins, NCD),通过界面聚合法制备印染废水处理用NCD掺杂的纳滤膜(NCD nanofiltration membranes, NCDM);分析NCD的化学结构,表征NCDM的化学组成、表面形貌和膜表面亲水性,并对NCDM的分离性能、稳定性和抗污染进行表征。结果表明:NCD成功修饰上氨基基团;与β-环糊精相比,NCD具有更强的界面聚合能力。当NCD的质量分数为0.7%时,制备的纳滤膜性能最佳,水渗透通量为10.6 L/(m^(2)·h·bar);与β-环糊精制备的纳滤膜相比,NCDM水渗透通量提升1.3倍;与哌嗪类聚酰胺纳滤膜相比,水渗透通量提升1.8倍。NCDM对染料甲基蓝(MYB)和氯化钠(NaCl)的截留率为99.9%和7.9%,具有良好的染料和NaCl的分离能力。NCDM对MYB和NaCl的选择分离因子可达440。此外,NCDM-3具有良好的性能稳定性和抗污染能力。NCDM-3对MYB/NaCl的混合溶液进行24 h连续分离,其水渗透通量稳定在约9.8 L/(m^(2)·h·bar),对MYB和NaCl的截留率分别为99.8%和11.0%。在以0.1 g/L的牛血清白蛋白溶液为污染源的抗污染实验中,NCDM-3的通量恢复率高达95.5%。该研究工作为制备高渗透性以及高染料/无机盐选择性的纳滤膜提供了一种有效方法。To improve the water permeation flux,dye/inorganic salt separation selectivity,and antifouling performance of nanofiltration membranes,amino-functionalizedβ-cyclodextrins(NCDs)were synthesized,and nanofiltration membranes(NCDMs)for the treatment of printing and dyeing wastewater were prepared via interfacial polymerization.The chemical structures of NCDs were fully analyzed;the chemical compositions,surface morphologies,surface hydrophilicity,separation performance,stability and anti-fouling performance of NCDMs were characterized.The results showed that NCDs were successfully modified on amino groups.Compared withβ-cyclodextrins,NCDs had better interfacial polymerization ability.When the mass fraction of NCDs was 0.7%,the water permeation flux was 10.6 L/(m^(2)·h·bar),which was 1.3 times and 1.8 times higher than that of nanofiltration membranes prepared byβ-cyclodextrins and piperazine polyamides,respectively.Meanwhile,NCDMs had a rejection rate of 99.9% and 7.9% for methylene blue (MYB) and sodium chloride (NaCl) respectively, indicatinggood separation ability for dyes and NaCl. The selective separation factors of NCDMs for MYB and NaClcould reach 440. In addition, NCDM-3 showed good stability and anti-fouling ability. The MYB/NaClmixture was separated continuously by NCDM-3 for 24 h, the water permeation flux of NCDM-3maintained at 9.8 L/(m^(2)·h·bar) and its rejection rate to dye and NaCl was 99.8% and 11.0%,respectively. In the anti-fouling experiment with 0.1 g/L bovine serum albumin solution as the pollutionsource, the flux recovery rate of NCDM-3 was as high as 95.5%. This study provides a facile method toprepare nanofiltration membranes with high permeability and dye/inorganic salt selectivity.

关 键 词：纳滤膜 氨基修饰的环糊精 界面聚合 染料/无机盐的分离 抗污染 

分 类 号：TQ028.8[化学工程]