人工智能挑战背景下马克思劳动价值论时代化审思  

Contemporary Reflection on Marx's Labor Theory of Value in the Context of the Challenges Posed by Artificial Intelligence

作　　者：于天宇[1] Yu Tianyu

机构地区：[1]吉林大学马克思主义学院,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《马克思主义研究》2025年第2期45-57,151,共14页Studies on Marxism

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目“罗萨社会加速批判理论及其当代价值研究”(23CKS034)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：当前,人工智能因其类似于人的智慧能力,逐渐呈现出对人类劳动者全面替代的可能性。有观点认为,这不仅是对人类劳动主体性的挑战,更试图通过否定劳动创造价值,挑战马克思劳动价值论。事实上,人工智能是人的本质力量的对象化产物,是人类劳动的结果,虽然在某些领域可替代人类完成具体生产,但无法从根本上取代人类,更不能彻底消解抽象劳动,改变人类劳动创造价值的事实。所谓人工智能证伪了马克思劳动价值论的观点,是对体力劳动向脑力劳动转化的忽视,对具体劳动与抽象劳动的混淆,以及对人工智能生产主体身份的错误解读,更是对人工智能原理与马克思劳动价值论片面认识的结果。因此,在人工智能飞速发展的时代背景下,一方面应坚持并深化认识马克思劳动价值论,另一方面应运用不断发展的马克思劳动价值论面对时代变化,回应时代问题,彰显马克思主义理论的时代意义。At present,artificial intelligence,due to its capabilities similar to human intelligence,is gradually showing the possibility of completely replacing human laborers.Therefore,some hold the view that this not only poses a challenge to the subjectivity of human labor but also attempts to deny that value is created by labor and challenge Marx's labor theory of value.In fact,artificial intelligence is the objectification of human essential power and the result of human labor.Although it can replace humans in completing specific production in certain fields,it cannot fundamentally replace humans,nor can it completely dissolve abstract labor and change the fact that human labor creates value.The view that artificial intelligence has falsified Marx's labor theory of value is a neglect of the transformation from physical labor to mental labor,a confusion between concrete labor and abstract labor,and a misinterpretation of the identity of the production subject of artificial intelligence.It is also the result of a one-sided understanding of the principles of artificial intelligence and Marx's labor theory of value.Therefore,in the context of the rapid development of artificial intelligence,on the one hand,we should adhere to and deepen our understanding of Marx's labor theory of value;on the other hand,we should apply the continuously developing Marx's labor theory of value to face the changes of the times,respond to the problems of the times,and demonstrate the contemporary significance of Marxist theory.

关 键 词：劳动 价值 剩余价值 人工智能 马克思劳动价值论 

分 类 号：F01[经济管理—政治经济学]