40岁及以上女性避孕情况及其影响因素分析  

Analysis of contraception status and influencing factors in women aged 40 and above

作　　者：白芳芳 白云[1] 王海青 Bai Fangfang;Bai Yun;Wang Haiqing(Women's Health Department,Shanxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital(Shanxi Children's Hospital),Taiyuan Shanxi 030013,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]山西省妇幼保健院(山西省儿童医院)妇女保健科,山西太原030013

出　　处：《中国计划生育和妇产科》2025年第1期96-101,共6页Chinese Journal of Family Planning & Gynecotokology

摘　　要：目的分析40岁及以上女性避孕现状及其影响因素。方法通过网络调查问卷了解40岁及以上围绝经期女性避孕情况,并统计分析其影响因素。结果303例调查对象中有200例(66.01%)采取避孕措施,31例(10.23%)有时避孕、有时不避孕,72例(23.76%)不避孕。避孕方式中位于前四位的是:避孕套153例(66.23%)、宫内节育器60例(25.97%)、体外射精29例(12.55%)、安全期避孕28例(12.12%)。不避孕的主要原因为:觉得围绝经期怀孕可能性小33例(45.23%)、担心不良反应影响身体19例(26.39%)。年龄、职业、怀孕次数、既往月经情况4个因素对是否避孕有显著影响。结论围绝经期女性避孕意识不强,其影响因素包括年龄、职业、怀孕次数、既往月经情况等。应该加强围绝经期生理特点及避孕知识的传播,关注围绝经期女性生殖健康问题。Objective To investigate the contraceptive status of women aged 40 years and above and to study the influencing factors.Methods An online questionnaire was used to investigate the contraceptive status of perimenopausal women aged 40 years and above,and the influencing factors were statistically analyzed.Results Among 303 subjects,200(66.01%)took contraceptive measures,31(10.23%)used contraception sometimes or not,and 72(23.76%)did not use contraception.The top four methods of contraception were:condom 153 cases(66.23%),intrauterine device 60 cases(25.97%),in vitro ejaculation 29 cases(12.55%),and safe period contraception 28 cases(12.12%).The main reasons for not using contraception were:33 cases(45.23%)thought that the possibility of perimenopausal pregnancy was low,19 cases(26.39%)worried about adverse reactions affecting the body.Age,occupation,number of pregnancies,and previous menstruation had significant influence on whether or not to use contraception.Conclusions The contraceptive consciousness of perimenopausal women is not strong,the influencing factors include age,occupation,number of pregnancies,and previous menstrual conditions.We should strengthen the spread of perimenopausal physiological characteristics and contraceptive knowledge,and pay attention to the reproductive health of perimenopausal women.

关 键 词：避孕 影响因素 40岁及以上女性 围绝经期 

分 类 号：R169.41[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]