竞争性城市体系与小城镇命运  

The Competitive Urban System and the Fate of Small Towns

作　　者：姚尚建[1] Yao Shang-jian

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学政府管理学院

出　　处：《理论与改革》2025年第2期134-144,188,共12页Theory and Reform

基　　金：全国党校(行政学院)系统社科规划课题“社会整合视域下县级党委社会工作部的运行机制与优化路径研究——基于浙江11县的调研”(2024DXXTYB025)。

摘　　要：从小城镇、大城市到超大城市,从区域中心城市到国家中心城市,中国的城市体系充满了竞争。城市政策对于大城市的追捧,刺激了各类城市规模的扩张以及首位度的竞争,阻断了农村人口就地城市化的空间选择。同时,在国家城市政策的摇摆中,名实分离深化了小城镇的身份危机,扩大了城乡之间的空间断层,从而损害了中国城市化的有序性和持续性。在霍华德的社会城市方案中,城市发展与乡村繁荣、城市规模与人口流动并不冲突,以问题解决方案出现的城市和乡村本身就是一对互相排斥的问题。在中国的城市化进程中,重提社会城市既正视了城市繁荣与乡村变迁的疏离,也强调了城乡发展中小城镇的重要地位。在社会城市的理论干预下,需要重新反思中国的小城镇在城乡融合中的角色。小城镇不是一种过渡性的解决方案,它顺应了中国城市化的历史方位与核心价值,是中国城市化进程的新起点。From small towns and large cities to megacities,and from regional central cities to national central cities,China’s urban system is highly competitive.Urban policies favoring large cities have stimulated the expansion of cities and intensified competition for primacy,thereby limiting the spatial options for rural populations to urbanize locally.Meanwhile,the vacillation in national urban policies has deepened the identity crisis of small towns,widened the spatial gap between urban and rural areas,and undermined the orderliness and sustainability of China’s urbanization.In Howard’s social city concept,urban development and rural prosperity,as well as city size and population mobility,are not conflicting.Cities and villages,as solutions to problems,are inherently and mutually exclusive issues.In China’s urbanization process,revisiting the concept of social city not only acknowledges the alienation between urban prosperity and rural transformation but also emphasizes the important role of small towns in urban-rural development.Under the theoretical intervention of the social city,the role of small towns in urban-rural integration needs to be re-examined.Small towns are not a transitional solution;they align with the historical positioning and core values of China’s urbanization and represent a new starting point for the urbanization process.

关 键 词：城市政治 社会城市 小城镇 城乡关系 城市化 

分 类 号：F299.2[经济管理—国民经济]