灵芝酸结构、药理作用及机制研究进展  

Research Progress on Structure, Pharmacological Action and Mechanism of Ganoderic Acid

作　　者：金敏 崔玉龙 李梦琦 石玉 周泉莹 李凌军[1] JIN Min;CUI Yulong;LI Mengqi;SHI Yu;ZHOU Quanying;LI Lingjun(College of Medicine,Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Jinan 250000,China)

机构地区：[1]山东中医药大学药学院,济南250000

出　　处：《中国现代应用药学》2025年第3期500-510,共11页Chinese Journal of Modern Applied Pharmacy

摘　　要：灵芝作为中国知名真菌类中药,具有补气安神,止咳平喘的功效。灵芝酸是灵芝的主要活性成分之一,具有抗炎、抗肿瘤、抗衰老、保护神经系统和心肌细胞、改善脏器损伤及调节糖脂代谢等多种药理作用,在治疗炎症、癌症、神经系统相关疾病等方面均具有良好的效果。该综述通过对灵芝酸的结构和药理作用进行综述,阐明灵芝酸药理作用机制,为灵芝酸的临床应用和新药开发提供参考。毒性和肾纤维化,结果发现,口服灵芝酸A后小鼠血清肌酐、尿素和尿酸水平明显降低,其作用机制为调节硫氧还蛋白(thioredoxin,Trx)/Trx还原酶、JAK2/STAT3、RhoA/ROCK信号通路,下调α-SMA、Ⅰ型胶原表达,减少肾脏氧化应激反应,抑制肾脏ECM沉积。另外,灵芝三萜具有延缓多囊肾病发展的作用,Meng等[85]进一步研究证实了灵芝酸A是灵芝三萜中治疗常染色体显性多囊肾病的主要成分,其作用机制可能为剂量依赖性地下调Ras/MAPK信号通路,抑制增殖细胞核抗原过度激活和囊肿上皮细胞增殖,诱导细胞凋亡。Ganoderma lucidum,as a well-known Chinese fungal traditional Chinese medicine,has the effect of invigorating Qi and calming nerves,relieving cough and relieving asthma.Ganoderic acid is one of the main active components of Ganoderma lucidum.It has many pharmacological effects,such as anti-inflammation,anti-tumor,anti-aging,protection of nervous system and cardiomyocytes,improvement of organ damage,regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism,etc.It has good effects in the treatment of inflammation,cancer and nervous system-related diseases.In this paper,the structure and pharmacological action of ganoderic acid were reviewed,and the pharmacological mechanism of ganoderic acid was elucidated,so as to provide reference for its clinical application and new drug development.

关 键 词：灵芝酸 结构 抗炎 抗肿瘤 药理作用 分子机制 

分 类 号：R284.1[医药卫生—中药学] R285.5[医药卫生—中医学]