基于最优权重和模糊理论的钢拱桥安全评估方法  

Safety Assessment Method for Steel Arch Bridge Based on Optimal Weights and Fuzzy Theory

作　　者：杨钧羽 李明[1] 孙爽 位东升 YANG Jun-yu;LI Ming;SUN Shuang;WEI Dong-sheng(School of Resources&Civil Engineering,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China;School of Architectural and Civil Engineering,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 310018,China;Whhan Bridge Science Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430034,China)

机构地区：[1]东北大学资源与土木工程学院,辽宁沈阳110819 [2]浙江理工大学建筑工程学院,浙江杭州310018 [3]武汉桥梁科学研究院有限公司,湖北武汉430034

出　　处：《东北大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第1期134-144,共11页Journal of Northeastern University(Natural Science)

基　　金：桥梁结构健康与安全国家重点实验室开放课题(BHSKL20-03-GF);浙江省教育厅科研项目(Y202250564);浙江理工大学基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(22052306-Y);浙江理工大学科研启动基金资助项目(19052147-Y).

摘　　要：在役桥梁的安全状态受多种因素影响且评价指标繁多,为有效评价其安全状态,基于最优权重和模糊理论,提出了一种考虑多因素影响的桥梁安全评估方法.该方法通过数值分析得到桥梁在多种预设工况下对应监测点的力学响应,依据数值计算结果和现行规范确定桥梁的安全等级划分标准;引入隶属度函数,建立各指标的模糊评价向量;分别采用模糊层次分析法和熵权法确定各指标的主观权重和客观权重,并通过偏好系数进行组合赋权得到最优权重;采用模糊综合评价方法依据最大隶属度原则确定桥梁的安全等级.以某钢拱桥为例,计算了24种预设工况下的安全等级;同时依据该桥一周内的实时监测数据,得到该时段内桥梁的动态安全等级.结果表明:该评估方法能够充分考虑多种主客观因素的影响并依据实时监测数据动态评价桥梁的安全状态.The safety status of in‑service bridges is affected by many factors and there are many evaluation indices.In order to effectively evaluate their safety status,considering the influence of multi‑source factors,a bridge safety assessment method based on the optimal weights and fuzzy theory was proposed.This method obtained the mechanical response of the corresponding monitoring points of the bridge under various preset cases through numerical analysis,and the safety level division standard of the bridge was determined according to the numerical calculation results and the current specifications.The membership function was introduced to establish the fuzzy evaluation vector of each index.Fuzzy analytic hierarchy process and entropy weight method were used to determine the subjective weight and objective weight for each index,and the optimal weight was obtained by combining preference coefficients.The safety level of bridge was determined by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method according to the principle of maximum membership degree.Taking a steel arch bridge as an example,the safety levels under 24 preset cases were calculated.At the same time,according to the real‑time monitoring data of the bridge in one week,the dynamic safety levels of the bridge in this period were obtained.The results show that the assessment method can fully consider the influences of various subjective and objective factors and dynamically evaluate the safety status of bridge according to realtime monitoring data.

关 键 词：桥梁工程 安全评估 模糊综合评价 多源影响因素 最优权重 

分 类 号：U447[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]