深基坑开挖过程变形特征及影响因素数值模拟研究  

Numerical Simulation Study on Deformation Characteristics and Influencing Factors during Deep Foundation Pit Excavation

作　　者：谢会杰 XIE Huijie

机构地区：[1]中铁二十局集团有限公司,陕西西安710016

出　　处：《重庆建筑》2025年第3期78-81,98,共5页Chongqing Architecture

摘　　要：以重庆轨道交通24号线某基坑工程为研究对象,采用ANSYS有限元软件建立三维数值模型,分析基坑开挖过程中围护结构的变形特征。研究表明:基坑开挖至设计深度时,围护桩最大水平位移为28.5 mm,实测值为26.8 mm,误差在6%以内;地表最大沉降出现在距基坑边缘2 m处,最大值为22.6 mm。参数分析进一步表明:当围护桩直径从Φ700 mm增加到Φ900 mm时,最大水平位移减小25.8%;相较于整体开挖,采用分区开挖方式可减小最大水平位移约22.3%;土体弹性模量从15 MPa增加到35 MPa时,最大沉降减小31.3%。研究成果可为城市轨道交通车站深基坑施工提供参考。Taking a foundation pit project of Chongqing Rail Transit Line 24 as the research object,a three-dimensional numerical model is established using ANSYS finite element software to analyze the deformation characteristics of the retaining structure during the excavation process.The study shows that when the foundation pit is excavated to the design depth,the maximum horizontal displacement of the retaining piles is 28.5 mm,with a measured value of 26.8 mm,resulting in an error within 6%;the maximum surface settlement occurs 2 m away from the edge of the foundation pit,with a maximum value of 22.6 mm.Further parameter analysis indicates that when the diameter of the retaining piles is increased fromΦ700 mm toΦ900 mm,the maximum horizontal displacement decreases by 25.8%;compared with overall excavation,adopting a zonal excavation method can reduce the maximum horizontal displacement by approximately 22.3%;and when the soil elastic modulus is increased from 15 MPa to 35 MPa,the maximum settlement decreases by 31.3%.The research findings can provide a reference for the construction of deep foundation pits for urban rail transit stations.

关 键 词：深基坑 变形控制 数值模拟 监测分析 参数影响 

分 类 号：U231[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] TU753[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]