Morphology of the wings and attachment apparatus in the evolution of the family Hippoboscidae(Diptera)  

作　　者：Aleksandra A.YATSUK Tatiana A.TRISELEVA Emilia P.NARCHUK Aleksandr V.MATYUKHIN Andrey F.SAFONKIN 

机构地区：[1]A.N.Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution,Moscow,Russia [2]Zoological Institute,Russian Academy of Sciences,St Petersburg,Russia

出　　处：《Integrative Zoology》2024年第5期941-954,共14页整合动物学(英文版)

基　　金：the State Research Projects of the A.N.Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution(number FFER-2024-0018)and Zoological Institute(number 122031100272-3).

摘　　要：Using a complex analysis of the molecular genetics,morphological,and ecological characteristics of Hippoboscidae flies,the phylogenetic structure and trends in the evolution of morphological characters that contribute to the ectoparasitic lifestyle of hippoboscid flies of the north of Eurasia were studied for the first time.The research was carried out on 26 Palearctic species from 10 genera.The analysis of molecular phylogeny revealed the levels of clustering of the family with the species predominantly parasitizing mammals or birds,the time of cluster formation,and the divergence of species in the Palearctic conditions.An independent adaptation to birds occurred in the genera Icosta,Pseudolynchia,Ornithoica,and others.Bird parasites are characterized by bifid tarsal claws,long hooks on pulvilli,and long empodium setae(except genus Ornithoica).Mammalian parasites are characterized by simple tarsal claws,short lobes of hooks on pulvilli,and zones on empodium with short setae.Specialization in empodium and pulvillus morphotypes and wing reduction are higher diverged in mammalian parasites than in bird parasites.The decrease of flight ability and wing reduction independently arose in different subfamilies of Hippoboscidae flies.Our results assume that the tribe Ornithomyini is a paraphyletic group,since,according to the complex of morphological features,the genus Ornithoica can be considered a separate lineage of evolution.

关 键 词：EVOLUTION hippoboscid flies molecular phylogeny MORPHOLOGY physiological adaptations 

分 类 号：Q95[生物学—动物学]