双平面阵列静电传感器灵敏特性分析及结构优化  

Analysis of the Sensitivity Characteristics and Structural Optimization of Dual⁃plane Array Electrostatic Sensor

作　　者：贾宝惠[1] 熊亿杰 肖海建 丁梓航 段博文 JIA Baohui;XIONG Yijie;XIAO Haijian;DING Zihang;DUAN Bowen(College of Transportation Science and Engineering,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China;College of Aerospace Engineering,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China)

机构地区：[1]中国民航大学交通科学与工程学院,天津300300 [2]中国民航大学航空工程学院,天津300300

出　　处：《计量学报》2025年第2期247-258,共12页Acta Metrologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U2033209);天津市教委科研计划项目(2021KJ054)。

摘　　要：针对阵列静电传感器在航空发动机滑油磨粒在线监测中存在灵敏度不高、敏感场分布不均匀等问题,通过理论与仿真相结合的方式,综合优化传感器结构单元,以提高传感器的灵敏特性。设计了一种新型双平面32极板阵列静电传感器,基于点电荷思想建立了该传感器的理论模型;探究了极板厚度、覆盖角、长度和双平面间距对传感器灵敏特性的影响。在此基础上,优化传感器构型并制备相应的实验样品,搭建实验测试平台开展实验。结果表明:双平面间距L和极板长度H是提高传感器灵敏特性的关键,优化后的传感器灵敏度增加75.80%,均匀性提高了56.05%。实验结果与有限元仿真变化趋势一致,当L由1 cm增至2 cm、H由2 cm增至4 cm时,有效电压幅值增大176.08%。To address the issues of low sensitivity and uneven sensitive field distribution in the arrayed electrostatic sensor for online monitoring of abrasive particles in aviation engine lubricating oil,a comprehensive optimization of the sensor structure units was conducted through a combination of theoretical analysis and simulation.A novel double-plane 32-plate arrayed electrostatic sensor was designed,and the theoretical model of the sensor was established based on the point charge concept.The influences of plate thickness,coverage angle,length,and double-plane spacing on the sensor's sensitivity were investigated.Subsequently,the sensor configuration was optimized,and corresponding experimental samples were prepared.An experimental platform was set up for testing.The results indicated that the double-plane spacing L and plate length H were crucial factors in enhancing the sensor's sensitivity.The optimized sensor showed a 75.80%increase in sensitivity and a 56.05%improvement in uniformity.The experimental results were consistent with the trend of finite element simulation.When L increased from 1 cm to 2 cm and H increased from 2 cm to 4 cm,the effective voltage amplitude increased by 176.08%.

关 键 词：电学计量 静电传感器 空间灵敏度 航空发动机 磨粒在线监测 结构优化 

分 类 号：TB971[一般工业技术—计量学]