不同碳源配施磷石膏对设施次生盐渍化土壤的修复效果及小白菜生长的影响  

The Effect of Different Carbon Sources Combined with Phosphogypsum on Remediation of Facility Secondary Salinized Soil and the Growth of Pakchoi

作　　者：王少杰 李虹颖[2] 史梦玲 申昊 刘龙 熊启中 方凌[2] 王艳[2] 景建元 叶新新[1] WANG Shaojie;LI Hongying;SHI Mengling;SHEN Hao;LIU Long;XIONG Qizhong;FANG Ling;WANG Yan;JING Jianyuan;YE Xinxin(Anhui Province Key Lab of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Nutrient Utilization/Anhui Province Engineering and Technology Research Center of Intelligent Manufacture and Efficient Utilization of Green Phosphorus Fertilizer/Key Laboratory of JiangHuai Arable Land Resources Protection and Eco-restoration,Ministry of Natural Resources/College of Resources and Environment,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei,Anhui 230036,China;Institute of Vegetables,Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hefei,Anhui 230031,China;Fuyang Technician Institute,Fuyang,Anhui 236000,China;Soil and Fertilizer Workstation of Hexian County,Anhui Province,Ma′anshan,Anhui 238200,China)

机构地区：[1]农田生态保育与养分资源高效利用安徽省重点实验室/安徽省绿色磷肥智能制造与高效利用工程研究中心/自然资源部江淮耕地资源保护与生态修复重点实验室/安徽农业大学资源与环境学院,安徽合肥230036 [2]安徽省农业科学院蔬菜研究所,安徽合肥230031 [3]阜阳技师学院,安徽阜阳236000 [4]安徽省和县土壤肥料工作站,安徽马鞍山238200

出　　处：《肥料与健康》2024年第6期103-110,共8页Fertilizer & Health

基　　金：“十四五”国家重点研发计划课题(2023YFD1700205);安徽省自然科学基金(1908085QC139);安徽省科技重大专项(202103a06020012);安徽省教育厅重点项目(2022AH050886)。

摘　　要：为探究不同碳源与磷石膏配施对盐渍化设施土壤的修复效果以及对小白菜生长的影响,开展了田间小区试验,共设置对照(CK)、磷石膏(P)、有机肥(OF)、生物炭(B)、磷石膏+有机肥(P+OF)、磷石膏+生物炭(P+B)等6个处理。结果表明:P+B处理的效果较好,土壤铵态氮含量较CK处理的显著提高58.88%,硝态氮和水溶性总盐含量分别显著降低37.32%和30.23%,Na^(+)和NO_(3)^(-)含量分别显著下降58.83%和55.81%;P处理的Ca ^(2+)含量较CK处理的显著增加9.94%;与CK处理相比,不同碳源配施磷石膏可显著提高土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶、过氧化氢酶的活性;与CK处理相比,P+B处理的小白菜根长、根系活力、维生素C含量、可溶性蛋白含量分别显著提高26.93%、51.39%、102.86%、199.80%,硝酸还原酶的活性显著增强,同时降低了硝酸盐含量和过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶的活性。P+B处理可以有效降低设施土壤次生盐渍化危害,提高小白菜的产量和品质。In order to investigate the effect of different carbon sources combined with phosphogypsum on remediation of salinized facility soil and the growth of Pakchoi,a field plot experiment is conducted,with a total of six treatments including control(CK),phosphogypsum(P),organic fertilizer(OF),biochar(B),phosphogypsum+organic fertilizer(P+OF),and phosphogypsum+biochar(P+B).The results show that P+B treatment has a better effect,with a significant increase of 58.88%in soil ammonium nitrogen content compared to CK treatment,a significant decrease of 37.32%and 30.23%in nitrate nitrogen and water-soluble total salt content,and a significant decrease of 58.83%and 55.81%in Na^(+)and NO_(3)^(-)content,respectively.P treatment significantly increased Ca ^(2+)content by 9.94%compared to CK treatment.Compared with CK treatment,the application of different carbon sources combined with phosphogypsum can significantly increase the activities of soil urease,sucrase,and catalase.Compared with CK treatment,P+B treatment significantly increased the root length,root activity,vitamin C content,and soluble protein content of Pakchoi by 26.93%,51.39%,102.86%,and 199.80%,respectively.The activity of nitrate reductase is significantly enhanced,while the nitrate content and the activities of peroxidase and catalase are reduced.P+B treatment can effectively reduce the secondary salinization hazards of facility soil and improve the yield and quality of Pakchoi.

关 键 词：设施土壤 次生盐渍化 土壤修复 生物炭 磷石膏 小白菜 品质 

分 类 号：S156.99[农业科学—土壤学]