垄膜沟灌栽培玉米适宜氮磷耦合研究  

Study on the Suitable of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Coupling for Maize Cultivation by Ridge with Film Mulching and Furrow Irrigation

作　　者：车宗贤[1] 张立勤[1] CHE Zongxian;ZHANG Liqin(Institute of Soil,Fertilizer and Water Saving Agriculture,Gansu Academy of Agriculture Science,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省农业科学院土壤肥料与节水农业研究所,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《肥料与健康》2024年第6期116-122,共7页Fertilizer & Health

基　　金：世界银行贷款可持续发展农业项目(GS00Z13002)。

摘　　要：为考察玉米在甘肃河西内陆河灌区垄膜沟灌栽培条件下的土壤健康管理和适宜氮磷用量,采用裂区设计,研究了施氮(N)水平分别为0、150、300、450 kg/hm^(2)和施磷(P_(2)O_(5))水平分别为0、60、120、180 kg/hm^(2)时玉米的产量和氮磷利用率。结果表明:在垄膜沟灌栽培条件下,适宜的氮、磷施用量分别为300、60 kg/hm^(2);氮磷间的互作效应明显,寻优结果显示,最佳氮、磷施用量分别为346.72、42.52 kg/hm^(2),该条件下的玉米产量为16497.9 kg/hm^(2);随施氮量的增加,氮肥的利用率、农学效率和偏生产力均呈降低趋势,从不施磷肥到增施磷肥至60 kg/hm^(2),氮肥利用率呈逐渐增加趋势;在不同施氮水平下,磷肥的利用率、农学效率、偏生产力均在磷肥施用量为60 kg/hm^(2)水平下最高,并随施磷量的增加而逐渐降低。In order to investigate the soil health management and suitable nitrogen and phosphorus application rates of maize under ridge with film mulching and furrow irrigation conditions in the inland river irrigation area of Hexi,Gansu Province,a split plot design is adopted to study the yield and nitrogen and phosphorus utilization efficiency of maize under nitrogen(N)application levels of 0,150,300,450 kg/hm^(2) and phosphorus(P_(2)O_(5))application levels of 0,60,120,and 180 kg/hm^(2),respectively.The results show that under the cultivation conditions of ridge with film mulching and furrow irrigation,the suitable nitrogen and phosphorus application rates are 300 and 60 kg/hm^(2),respectively.The interaction effect between nitrogen and phosphorus is significant.The optimization results show that the optimal nitrogen and phosphorus application rates are 346.72 and 42.52 kg/hm^(2),respectively.The maize yield under this condition is 16497.9 kg/hm^(2).With the increase of nitrogen application rate,the utilization efficiency,agronomic efficiency,and partial factor productivity of nitrogen fertilizer show a decreasing trend.From no phosphorus fertilizer application to increasing phosphorus fertilizer application to 60 kg/hm^(2),the utilization efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer gradually increased.At different nitrogen application levels,the utilization efficiency,agronomic efficiency,and partial factor productivity of phosphorus fertilizer are highest at a phosphorus fertilizer application rate of 60 kg/hm^(2),and gradually decrease with increasing phosphorus application rate.

关 键 词：氮磷耦合 产量 养分利用率 垄膜沟灌 玉米 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]