湿法磷酸制备低浊度磷酸一铵的试验研究  

Experimental Study on Preparation of Low Turbidity Monoammonium Phosphate from Wet Process Phosphoric Acid

作　　者：李长英 何耀 袁宸 LI Changying;HE Yao;YUAN Chen(Guizhou Xiyang Industry Co.,Ltd.,Xifeng,Guizhou 551107,China;Shanghai Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200062,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州西洋实业有限公司,贵州息烽551107 [2]上海化工研究院有限公司,上海200062

出　　处：《肥料与健康》2024年第6期152-158,共7页Fertilizer & Health

摘　　要：以湿法磷酸净化工艺生产的磷酸一铵为研究对象,探讨了磷酸一铵溶于水中产生浑浊现象的可能原因,并以溶液浊度为定量表征指标,研究了加入络合剂消除浑浊现象的可能性及影响络合反应的主要因素。结果表明:湿法磷酸中的金属杂质Al在磷酸一铵结晶过程中会吸附在晶体表面或富集于晶体表层,可能导致磷酸一铵溶液浊度上升;络合剂乙二胺四乙酸二钠盐(EDTA二钠盐)和氟化钠可以有效降低磷酸一铵溶液的浊度;增加络合剂用量、降低溶液pH、延长络合反应时间和加热时间,对降低溶液浊度均有促进作用;络合剂氟化钠降低磷酸一铵溶液浊度的效果优于EDTA二钠盐的。Using monoammonium phosphate produced by wet phosphoric acid purification process as the research object,the possible reasons of turbidity caused by monoammonium phosphate dissolved in water are discussed.With turbidity of solution as the quantitative characterization index,the possibility of lowing turbidity by adding complexing agent and the main factors affecting complexation reaction are studied.The results show that during the crystallization process of monoammonium phosphate,the metal impurity Al in wet process phosphoric acid can be adsorbed on crystal surface or enriched on crystal surface layer,which may lead to the increase of turbidity of monoammonium phosphate solution.The complexing agents ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid disodium salt(EDTA disodium salt)and sodium fluoride can effectively reduce the turbidity of monoammonium phosphate solution;increasing the amount of complexing agent,reducing the pH in solution,prolonging the complexation reaction time and heating time can promote the reduction of turbidity of solution;the effect of sodium fluoride on reducing turbidity of monoammonium phosphate solution is better than that of EDTA disodium salt.

关 键 词：磷酸一铵 湿法磷酸 浊度 络合剂 

分 类 号：TQ442.14[化学工程—化学肥料工业] S143.41[农业科学—肥料学]