言语测听的基础及拓展应用  

Basic and extended applications of speech audiometry

作　　者：郗昕[1,2,3,4,5] XI Xin(Senior Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Chinese PLA General Hospital,Chinese PLA Medical School,Beijing 100853,China;State Key Laboratory of Hearing and Balance Science,Beijing 100853,China;National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases,Beijing 100853,China;Key Laboratory of Hearing Science,Ministry of Education,Beijing 100853,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Hearing Impairment Prevention and Treatment,Beijing 100853,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军总医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科医学部,北京100853 [2]听觉与平衡觉全国重点实验室,北京100853 [3]国家耳鼻咽喉疾病临床医学研究中心,北京100853 [4]聋病教育部重点实验室,北京100853 [5]聋病防治北京市重点实验室,北京100853

出　　处：《中国眼耳鼻喉科杂志》2025年第2期91-95,共5页Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2020YFC2004005)。

摘　　要：本文主要介绍了言语测听(speech audiometry)的基本概念、测试指标以及各种应用场景。言语测听通过测量受试者在不同听觉条件下对言语刺激的觉察、区分、辨识和识别能力,评估其言语感知能力。常用的测试指标包括言语识别率(SRS)、言语识别阈(SRT)、言语觉察阈(SDT)以及成绩-强度函数(P-I函数)。本文还详细介绍了在复杂噪声条件下的言语测听应用,如:①以阶梯下降法和自适应法快捷获得SRT;②将噪声掩蔽下的言语测听用于双耳分听测试和听觉空间去掩蔽等研究;③在助听器、人工耳蜗等听觉康复设备的疗效评估中发挥作用;④可将数字三联音测试(DTT)等新手段纳入大规模成人听力筛查。总体而言,言语测听在耳科临床、听力康复及公共卫生领域具有广泛的应用前景。This review primarily introduces the basic concepts of speech audiometry,its testing methods,and various application scenarios.Speech audiometry evaluates an individual’s speech perception capacity by measuring their ability to detect,discriminate,identify,and recognize speech stimuli under different environments.Commonly used testing metrics include speech recognition score(SRS),speech recognition threshold(SRT),speech detection threshold(SDT),and the performance-intensity(P-I)function.The review also details some extended applications of speech audiometry,such as:①using the descending threshold determination method and the adaptive method to quickly measure SRT;②using speech audiometry in dichotic listening tests and auditory spatial masking release;③playing the important role of speech audiometry in the evaluation of hearing rehabilitation devices like hearing aids and cochlear implants;④acting the potential of new hearing screening methods,such as the digit triplet test(DTT).Overall,speech audiometry has broad application prospects in the fields of clinical audiology practice,hearing rehabilitation,and public health.

关 键 词：言语测听 言语识别率 言语识别阈 双耳分听测试 听觉空间去掩蔽 数字三联音测试 

分 类 号：R765[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]