大气环境影响人群健康的研究进展与展望  

Current research status and advances in the impact of atmospheric environment on human health

作　　者：朱毅翔 阚海东[1] ZHU Yixiang;KAN Haidong(Department of Environmental Health,School of Public Health,Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education,Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment,National Health Commission,Fudan University,Shanghai 200032,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学公共卫生学院环境卫生学教研室,公共卫生安全教育部重点实验室,国家卫生健康委员会卫生技术评估重点实验室,上海200032

出　　处：《兰州大学学报(医学版)》2025年第1期1-11,25,共12页Journal of Lanzhou University(Medical Sciences)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(82430105);上海市科学技术委员会重大专项基金资助项目(2023SHZDZX02);上海市“一带一路”联合实验室建设基金资助项目(22230750300);上海市国际科技合作基金资助项目(21230780200)。

摘　　要：大气环境对人类健康产生了深远影响,已成为全球关注的热点问题。尽管以往研究对空气污染和气候变化影响进行了系统评估,但仍有许多问题亟待解决,主要包括大气污染物及其健康效应的复杂性、气候变化及其影响的多元性和复合性等。大气环境对人类健康影响的研究涉及流行病学、毒理学、大气科学,及公共卫生等多个领域。近年来,大气环境监测技术的发展,环境暴露模型和统计分析模型的建立,为研究大气环境对人群健康的影响提供了技术支持。本研究从大气污染物的健康影响及其生物学机制、气候变化对人群健康潜在威胁和影响路径入手,综述相关研究现状及进展,以期为公共卫生决策提供科学依据。The atmospheric environment had a profound impact on human health and has become a global issue of significant concern.Despite systematic assessments of the effects of air pollution and climate change in previous studies,many issues remain to be addressed,particularly the complexity of atmospheric pollutants and their health effects,as well as the diversity and complexity of climate change and its impacts.Research on the effects of the atmospheric environment on human health spans multiple fields,including epidemiology,toxicology,atmospheric science,and public health.In recent years,with the development of atmospheric monitoring technologies,the establishment of environmental exposure models and statistical analysis models has provided technical support for studying the impact of the atmospheric environment on public health.This paper reviews the current status and advances of the research,focusing on the health effects of air pollutants and their biological mechanisms,as well as the potential threats and pathways of climate change to public health,aiming to provide scientific evidence for public health decision-making.

关 键 词：大气环境 空气污染 气候变化 极端天气事件 研究现状 进展 

分 类 号：R122.2[医药卫生—环境卫生学] X510.31[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]