多孔介质中天然气水合物相平衡影响因素研究  

Research on factors affecting the phase equilibrium of natural gas hydrates in porous media

作　　者：管文 杨海琳 卢海龙 GUAN Wen;YANG Hailin;LU Hailong(School of Earth and Space Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;Beijing International Center for Gas Hydrate,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学地球与空间科学学院,北京100871 [2]北京大学北京天然气水合物国际研究中心,北京100871

出　　处：《地学前缘》2025年第2期153-165,共13页Earth Science Frontiers

基　　金：广东省基础与应用基础研究项目(2020B0301030003);中国地质调查局项目(DD20221703)。

摘　　要：天然气水合物主要蕴藏于海底沉积物与大陆冻土层中,深入研究多孔介质中水合物的相平衡及其影响因素,对于了解海底沉积物中水合物的形成机制、分布范围和储量评估具有重要意义。当前的相关实验研究大多聚焦于合成多孔介质,而天然沉积物因结构和成分复杂,对水合物相平衡特征影响的研究仍需进一步深化。本文综述了水合物在不同孔径多孔介质中的相平衡变化,全面分析了孔径、粒度以及表面润湿性对水合物相平衡的具体影响。研究揭示,多孔介质产生的强毛细管力会导致水的活性降低,进而抑制水合物的形成,且在纳米尺度范围内具有临界值。此外,较小的多孔介质粒度会增加成核位点和反应界面,从而缩短诱导时间,有利于水合物的成核和生长。至于表面润湿性(亲水和疏水)对水合物形成的影响,目前学界观点尚待统一,但多数研究倾向于认为疏水表面相对亲水表面能更好地促进水合物的形成。Natural gas hydrates are primarily distributed in seafloor sediments and continental permafrost.Research on hydrate phase equilibrium and its influencing factors in porous media is of great significance for understanding the formation kinetics,distribution range,and reserve estimation of hydrates in seafloor sediments.Most current experimental studies focus on synthetic porous media,while the impact of natural sediments on hydrate phase equilibrium characteristics requires further exploration due to their complex structures and compositions.This article reviews the changes in the phase equilibrium of hydrates in porous media with varying pore sizes,comprehensively analyzing the specific effects of pore size,particle size,and surface wettability on hydrate phase equilibrium.Studies have shown that the strong capillary force generated by porous media can reduce water activity,thereby inhibiting hydrate formation,with a critical value observed in the nanoscale range.Additionally,smaller porous media particle sizes increase nucleation sites and reaction interfaces,reducing induction time and promoting the nucleation and growth of hydrates.Regarding the impact of surface wettability(hydrophilic vs.hydrophobic)on hydrate formation,academic opinions remain divided.However,most studies suggest that hydrophobic surfaces promote hydrate formation more effectively than hydrophilic surfaces.

关 键 词：天然气水合物 多孔介质 相平衡 毛细管效应 表面润湿性 

分 类 号：TE311[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程] P618.130.21[天文地球—矿床学]