黄河三角洲地区地下水水质成因研究:以山东省东营市孤岛镇为例  

The genesis of groundwater chemistry in Yellow River Delta:A case study of Gudao Town,Dongying City,Shandong Province

作　　者：王威 程行 高旭波[2] 田振环 刘春华[3] 武占辉 李成城 孔淑琼 WANG Wei;CHENG Xing;GAO Xubo;TIAN Zhenhuan;LIU Chunhua;WU Zhanhui;LI Chengcheng;KONG Shuqiong(No.1 Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources of Shandong Province/Shandong Engineering Research Center for Iron-rich Ore Exploration and Exploitation Technology,Jinan 250109,China;China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),Wuhan 430074,China;Shandong Regional Geological Survey,Jinan 250013,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省第一地质矿产勘查院/富铁矿勘查开发技术山东省工程研究中心,山东济南250109 [2]中国地质大学(武汉),湖北武汉430074 [3]山东省地质调查院,山东济南250013

出　　处：《地学前缘》2025年第2期469-483,共15页Earth Science Frontiers

基　　金：山东省第一地质矿产勘查院开放基金项目(2020DW02);国家自然科学基金项目(42172288,41877204,62171435)。

摘　　要：黄河三角洲是我国重要的战略经济区。查明区域地下水水质特征和成因机制对于科学利用地下水资源、保护三角洲生态环境健康具有重要意义。论文以黄河三角洲地区山东省东营市孤岛镇为工作区,通过野外水文地质调查、水文地球化学监测和室内分析测试,系统地揭示了研究区地下水水质和成因机制。研究表明:(1)黄河水、海水、地表水、微咸地下水和地下咸水与卤水的主要水化学类型分别为HCO_(3)·SO_(4)-Na·Ca、Cl-Na、Cl-Na、Cl·HCO_(3)-Na和Cl-Na型;(2)地表水和微咸水靠近硅酸盐端员,微咸水形成过程中主要发生了阳离子交换和硅酸盐岩溶解作用,同时受白云石和石膏溶解作用的影响,硅酸盐溶蚀起主导作用;(3)咸水主要受硅酸盐岩和蒸发岩溶蚀作用控制,卤水则主要受蒸发岩溶解作用影响,盐分来源均与海水入侵有关;(4)地下水中Cl^(-)的浓度分布大体趋势为从沿海区域向内陆逐渐降低,F^(-)的浓度分布大体趋势为从入海口位置往内陆延伸逐渐降低,Na^(+)、Mg^(2+)、Ca^(2+)和SO_(4)^(2-)的离子浓度分布与TDS浓度(溶解性固体总量)的分布规律整体一致,上述离子组分主要来源于古海水和现代海水入侵作用,而NH_(4)^(+)浓度的分布规律呈现相反的趋势,浓度变化主要受强烈人类活动影响。The Yellow River Delta is a key strategic economic zone in China,making it crucial to understand the characteristics and genetic mechanisms of groundwater quality for the sustainable utilization of groundwater resources and the protection of ecological and environmental health.Focusing on Gudao Town in the Yellow River Delta,this study systematically investigates groundwater quality and its formation mechanisms through field hydrogeological surveys,hydrogeochemical monitoring,and laboratory analysis.The findings are as follows:(1)The main hydrochemical types of different waters in the study area are HCO_(3)·SO_(4)-Na·Ca(Yellow River water),Cl-Na(seawater),Cl-Na(surface water),Cl·HCO_(3)-Na(brackish groundwater),and Cl-Na(underground brackish water and brine).(2)Surface water and brackish groundwater are closely associated with silicate end members.The formation of brackish water is primarily influenced by cation exchange and the dissolution of silicate rocks,with dolomite and gypsum dissolution playing a dominant role.(3)Brackish water is mainly controlled by the dissolution of silicate and evaporite rocks,with its salinity primarily attributed to seawater intrusion.(4)The Cl^(-)concentration in groundwater decreases progressively from the coastal area to the inland,while F concentration decreases from the estuary to the inland.The distribution patterns of Na^(+),Mg^(2+),Ca^(2+),and SO_(4)^(2-) concentrations align with that of total dissolved solids(TDS),indicating that these elements are primarily derived from the intrusion of both ancient and modern seawater.Additionally,changes in NH_(4)^(+) concentrations are largely influenced by human activities.

关 键 词：黄河三角洲 地下水水化学 水污染 水文地球化学过程 

分 类 号：P641.3[天文地球—地质矿产勘探] X143[天文地球—地质学]