大连地区刺参野生群体和养殖群体肠道菌群结构分析  

Analysis of intestinal flora structure of wild and cultured Apostichopus japonicus in Dalian area

作　　者：刘丹[1] 潘浩然 赵新延 汪南壹 许天浩 丁君[1] 常亚青[1] 田燚[1] LIU Dan;PAN Haoran;ZHAO Xinyan;WANG Nanyi;XU Tianhao;DING Jun;CHANG Yaqing;TIAN Yi(Key Laboratory of Mariculture&Stock Enhancement in North China’s Sea,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian,Liaoning 116023,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学,农业农村部北方海水增养殖重点实验室,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《水产科技情报》2025年第2期98-107,共10页Fisheries Science & Technology Information

基　　金：海参、海胆种质创制技术研发与新品种培育(20230023)。

摘　　要：为了解大连地区刺参野生群体和养殖群体肠道微生物菌群特征,采用16S rRNA高通量测序技术对野生和养殖条件下刺参肠道微生物的多样性进行了分析比较。Alpha多样性分析发现,大连金州区养殖刺参肠道微生物的多样性和丰富度均高于三山岛海域野生刺参。在门水平上,养殖刺参肠道中的主要优势菌门为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、脱硫杆菌门(Desulfobacterota)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)和浮霉菌门(Planctomycetes),其相对丰度分别为54.02%、18.90%、7.45%和6.02%;野生刺参肠道中主要优势菌门为变形菌门、拟杆菌门和疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobia),其相对丰度分别为54.69%、28.08%和11.89%。脱硫杆菌门和浮霉菌门在养殖刺参肠道微生物中所占的比例分别为18.90%和6.02%,但在野生刺参肠道中所占的比例均小于0.5%。在属水平上,养殖刺参肠道中的主要优势菌属为norank Desulfocapsaceae、norank Caulobacteraceae和罗尔斯通氏菌属(Ralstonia),其相对丰度分别为17.26%、8.55%和7.06%;野生刺参肠道中主要优势菌属为Sedimentitalea、泞杆菌属(Lutibacter)、Persicirhabdus和亮发菌属(Leucothrix),其相对丰度分别为23.52%、18.53%、8.73%和8.37%。Sedimentitalea、泞杆菌属、Persicirhabdus和亮发菌属在野生刺参肠道微生物中所占的比例在8%~24%,但在养殖刺参肠道中所占比例均小于0.5%;norank Desulfocapsaceae、norank Caulobacteraceae和罗尔斯通氏菌属在养殖刺参肠道中所占的比例在7%~18%,但在野生刺参肠道中所占比例均小于0.1%。结果表明,不同环境对刺参肠道微生物组成有较大影响,肠道微生物组成有空间异质性。To understand the intestinal microflora characteristics of wild and cultured populations of Apostichopus japonicus in Dalian,16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the intestinal microflora characteristics of wild and cultured populations of A.japonicus in Dalian.Alpha diversity analysis showed that the intestinal microbial diversity and richness of cultured A.japonicus in Jinzhou District of Dalian were higher than those in wild A.japonicus in Sanshan Island area.At the phylum level,the predominant phyla in the intestinal flora of cultured A.japonicus were Proteobacteria,Desulfobacterota,Bacteroidetes,and Planctomycetes with the relative abundance of 54.02%,18.90%,7.45%and 6.02%,respectively.However,the predominant phyla in the intestinal flora of wild A.japonicus were Proteobacteria,Bacteroidetes,and Verrucomicrobia with the relative abundance of 54.69%,28.08%and 11.89%,respectively.The proportion of Desulfobacterota and Planctomycetes in the intestinal microflora of cultured A.japonicus was 18.90%and 6.02%,respectively,but these two phyla in wild A.japonicus accounted for less than 0.5%.At the genus level,norank Desulfocapsaceae,norank Caulobacteraceae,and Ralstonia were the dominant genera in the intestinal flora of cultured A.japonicus,with a relative abundance of 17.26%,8.55%and 7.06%,respectively.Sedimentitalea,Lutibacter,Persicirhabdus,and Leucothrix were the dominant genera in the intestinal flora of wild A.japonicus,with a relative abundance of 23.52%,18.53%,8.73%and 8.37%,respectively.Sedimentitalea,Lutibacter,Persicirhabdus,and Leucothrix accounted for 8%-24%in the intestinal microflora of wild A.japonicus,but less than 0.5%in the cultured A.japonicus.Norank Desulfocapsaceae,norank Caulobacteraceae,and Ralstonia accounted for 7%-18%in the intestinal microflora of cultured A.japonicus,but less than 0.1%in the wild A.japonicus.The results showed that different environments had a significant impact on the composition of the intestinal microorganisms of A.japonicus,and there wa

关 键 词：刺参 高通量测序 肠道微生物 多样性 

分 类 号：S91[农业科学—水产科学]