基于图像处理的贴片电阻故障智能诊断方法研究  

Research on Intelligent Diagnosis Method of Patch Resistors Fault Based on Image Processing

作　　者：宋旭东[1] 盛一鸣 李修飞 李常贤[3] SONG Xudong;SHENG Yiming;LI Xiufei;LI Changxian(School of Rail Intlligence Engineering,Dalian Jiaotong University,Dalian 116028,China;School of Economics and Managemen,Dalian Jiaotong University,Dalian 116028,China;School of Electrical Engineering,Dalian Jiaotong University,Dalian 116028,China)

机构地区：[1]大连交通大学轨道智能工程学院,辽宁大连116028 [2]大连交通大学经济管理学院,辽宁大连116028 [3]大连交通大学电气工程学院,辽宁大连116028

出　　处：《大连交通大学学报》2025年第1期101-107,共7页Journal of Dalian Jiaotong University

基　　金：辽宁省科技厅计划项目(2022JH2/101300268)。

摘　　要：在图像处理的基础上,针对贴片电阻缺件、偏移、歪斜和翻转等常见故障,提出了一种贴片电阻故障智能诊断方法,并应用于某企业的电路板元器件故障诊断系统。根据故障特点、图像相似度等因素确定了故障诊断时几种故障的优先级,并提出一种改进的自适应分区策略进行图像的特征提取。对缺件故障,根据故障特点选取判断指标;对偏移和翻转故障,采用自适应分区策略来提取特征并诊断;对歪斜故障,在改进的自适应分区策略基础上对其进行进一步改进来提取特征并诊断。实践应用表明此诊断流程具有较高的故障诊断准确率,而且整个流程故障诊断速度快,平均速度达到0.032 s/张。因此,实际工作中使用该诊断流程可保障贴片电阻质量,进而提升电子产品质量。Aiming at the common faults of patch resistors:missing,offset,skew and flip,an intelligent fault diagnosis method was proposed for patch resistors based on image processing,and it was applied to the fault diagnosis system of the circuit board components in an enterprise.In this method,the priority of several faults was determined according to fault characteristics and image similarity,and an improved adaptive partition strategy was proposed to extract image features.The missing fault's judgment index was selected according to the fault characteristics.For offset and flip faults,the above adaptive partition strategy was used to extract and diagnose features.For the skew fault,the above improved adaptive partition strategy was improved again to extract features and diagnose.The application in the enterprise system shows that this diagnosis process has a high fault diagnosis accuracy,and the whole process fault diagnosis speed is fast,reaching an average of O.032 seconds per picture.Therefore,the diagnosis process proposed in this paper can be used in practical work to ensure the quality of the patch resistors,and then improve the quality of electronic products.

关 键 词：电路板 贴片电阻 图像处理 自适应分区策略 

分 类 号：TP3[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]