福建山樱花花芽分化形态特征及进程  

Morphological Characteristics and Progress of Floral Bud Differentiation in Cerasus campanulata

作　　者：朱炫怡 章杨婷 李婉莹 林玮捷 赵凯 周育真[1] ZHU Xuan-yi;ZHANG Yang-ting;LI Wan-ying;LIN Wei-jie;ZHAO Kai;Zhou Yu-zhen(College of Landscape Architecture and Art,Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,Fujian China;Fujian Dan Ying Ecological Agriculture Development Co.,Ltd.,Fuzhou 350503,Fujian China;College of Life Sciences,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350117,Fujian China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学风景园林与艺术学院,福建福州350002 [2]福建丹樱生态农业发展有限公司,福建福州350503 [3]福建师范大学生命科学学院,福建福州350117

出　　处：《亚热带植物科学》2024年第6期554-559,共6页Subtropical Plant Science

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金项目(2023J01283)。

摘　　要：为探究福建山樱花不同瓣型的花芽分化过程,本研究采用石蜡切片法对福建山樱花单瓣型品种‘寒樱’Cerasus×kanzakura‘Praecox’、重瓣型品种‘牡丹樱’C.campanulata‘Double-flowered’和半重瓣型品种‘红粉佳人’C.kanzakura×campanulata‘Satis in Pink’的花芽分化过程进行系统观察。结果表明,3个品种福建山樱花均经历6个完整的花芽分化时期,包括始分化期、花序原基分化期、萼片分化期、花瓣分化期、雄蕊分化期和雌蕊分化期。在花瓣与雄蕊分化阶段,三者呈现规律性变化。‘寒樱’、‘红粉佳人’、‘牡丹樱’的花瓣分化期逐步延长,而雄蕊分化期则逐步缩短。重瓣花型的形成与雄蕊瓣化密切相关,表明福建山樱花的重瓣花型可能来源于雄蕊瓣化,属于雌雄蕊起源。半重瓣型品种‘红粉佳人’花芽分化周期为98 d,单瓣型品种‘寒樱’为105 d,重瓣型品种‘牡丹樱’则为112 d。不同花型福建山樱花分化过程相似,且雄蕊瓣化参与了重瓣花型的形成,为进一步研究福建山樱花重瓣花型形成机制奠定形态学基础。To investigate the floral bud differentiation process in different petal types of Cerasus campanulata,flower developments of three varieties were observed by paraffin sectioning method in this study,i.e.the single-petaled type Cerasus×kanzakura‘Praecox’,double-petaled type C.campanulata‘Double-flowered’and semi-double-petaled type C.kanzakura×campanulata‘Satis in Pink’.The results demonstrated that all three varieties underwent six distinct stages of floral bud differentiation:initial differentiation period,inflorescence primordium differentiation period,sepal differentiation period,petal differentiation period,stamen differentiation period,and pistil differentiation period.During the petal and stamen differentiation stages,the three varieties showed significant regularity.The petal differentiation period progressively lengthened in the varieties‘Praecox’,‘Satis in Pink’,and‘Double-flowered’,while the stamen differentiation period gradually shortened.It is believed that the formation of double flower of C.campanulata varieties mainly comes from stamen petal,which belongs to the origin of pistil and stamen.The semi-double-petaled‘Satis in Pink’had a floral bud differentiation cycle of 98 days,the single-petaled‘Praecox’took 105 days,and the double-petaled‘Double-flowered’required 112 days.The differentiation process in various floral forms of C.campanulata was largely similar,with stamen petalization contributing to the development of double flowers.This study provides a morphological basis for further investigation into the causes and molecular mechanisms underlying double flower formation in C.campanulata.

关 键 词：福建山樱花 花芽分化 雄蕊瓣化 花型 

分 类 号：Q944[生物学—植物学]