三峡大坝泄洪坝段下游冲刷发展趋势研究  

Development Trend of Downstream Scouring in Flood Discharge Section of Three Gorges Dam

作　　者：耿峻 李麒 张海龙 汪昌港 梅晓龙 董宗师 GENG Jun;LI Qi;ZHANG Hailong;WANG Changgang;MEI Xiaolong;DONG Zongshi(Hubei Key Laboratory of Operation Safety of High Dam and Large Reservoir,Yichang 443100,China;River Basin Complex Administration Center,China Three Gorges Corporation,Yichang 443100,China;Changjiang Survey,Planning,Design and Research Co.,Ltd,Wuhan 430010,China;National Dam Safety Engineering Technology Research Center,Wuhan 430010,China)

机构地区：[1]高坝大库运行安全湖北省重点实验室,湖北宜昌443100 [2]中国长江三峡集团有限公司流域枢纽运行管理中心,湖北宜昌443100 [3]长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司,湖北武汉430010 [4]国家大坝安全工程技术研究中心,湖北武汉430010

出　　处：《人民珠江》2025年第3期16-24,共9页Pearl River

基　　金：湖北省自然科学基金青年项目(2023AFB370)。

摘　　要：三峡大坝汛期出库流量大、泄洪设施多、调度运行难,不同时期泄洪坝段下游冲刷情况复杂。根据工程蓄水运行以来不同时期泄洪设施的调度运用情况,进行典型年份泄洪坝段下游冲刷地形分析,对比不同时期实测下游冲刷区、左导墙右侧、下纵段防冲墙左侧冲刷位置、形态和冲坑高程情况,分析研究泄洪坝段下游冲刷的发展变化趋势。研究结果表明:不同时期泄洪坝段下游冲坑整体形态基本一致;正常运行期泄洪坝段下游中部冲坑最低高程较围堰挡水发电期抬高约4 m,冲刷总体较前期有一定的改善。The Three Gorges Dam faces a large outflow,numerous flood discharge facilities,and difficult scheduling and operation during the flood season.The downstream scouring situation of the flood discharge section is complex at different time.Based on the scheduling and operation of flood discharge facilities in different periods since the operation of the project's water storage,the downstream terrain scouring of the flood discharge section in typical years was analyzed.The measured downstream area scouring,as well as the scouring point of the right side of the left guide wall and the left side of the lower longitudinal section of the anti-scouring wall,morphology,and scouring pit elevation in different periods were compared.The development and change trends of downstream scouring of the flood discharge section were studied.The research results indicate that the overall morphology of the downstream scouring pit of the flood discharge section is basically the same in different periods.In the normal operation period,the lowest elevation of the downstream middle scouring pit of the flood discharge section is about 4 m higher than that of the cofferdam in the power generation period,and the scouring situation has generally improved compared with the previous period.

关 键 词：泄洪坝段 下游冲刷 冲坑 发展趋势 三峡大坝 

分 类 号：TV652[水利工程—水利水电工程]