不同蔬菜类型中铅、镉、铬、砷富集特征及健康风险评价  

Characteristics and health risk assessment of lead,cadmium,chromium and arsenic in different vegetable types

作　　者：常越亚 常磊 刘艳芝[3] CHANG Yueya;CHANG Lei;LIU Yanzhi(Shanghai Urban Construction College,Shanghai 201415,China;Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Rencheng District,Jining City,Shandong Province,Jining 272100,China;Jining Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shangdong Province,Jining 272031,China)

机构地区：[1]上海城建职业学院,上海201415 [2]山东省济宁市任城区农业农村局,济宁272100 [3]山东省济宁市农业科学研究院,济宁272031

出　　处：《上海农业学报》2025年第1期66-71,共6页Acta Agriculturae Shanghai

基　　金：山东省蔬菜产业技术体系(SDAIT-05)。

摘　　要：近年来,由于重金属污染引发的食品安全问题不断增多,蔬菜已成为人体重金属积累的主要渠道之一。对此,选取山东省济宁市唐口农贸市场常见的6种蔬菜(白萝卜、胡萝卜、茎用莴笋、芹菜、生菜和卷心菜),利用单因子污染和内梅罗(Nemero)指数对可食用部位的铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)、铬(Cr)、砷(As)含量进行分析,并利用富集系数和健康风险值评估重金属的风险度。结果表明:胡萝卜中Cd和As含量较高,而Pb较低;芹菜的Pb含量较高,而Cr、As含量较低;6种蔬菜的可食用部分Pb、Cd、Cr和As含量均未超过《食品安全国家标准食品中污染物限量》(GB 2762—2022)的限定值。根类蔬菜的Cd、Cr和As含量最高,茎类的Pb含量最高。6种蔬菜中重金属含量的内梅罗指数(P_(N))显示,其均未受到重金属污染。3种类型蔬菜积累的Pb显示对人体不存在致癌风险,但积累的Cd、Cr、As显示对儿童存在致癌风险,Cd和As显示对成人存在致癌风险。In recent years,food safety problems caused by heavy metal pollution have been increasing,and vegetables have become one of the main channels of heavy metal accumulation in the human body.The study selected six common vegetables( white radish,carrot,stem lettuce,celery,lettuce,cabbage) from the vegetable market in Tangkou Town,Jining City,Shandong Province,China,and analyzed the contents of lead( Pb),cadmium(Cd),chromium( Cr),and arsenic( As) in the edible parts of the vegetables by using the one-way contamination and the Nemero index,and evaluated the risk degree of the heavy metals by using the enrichment coefficients and health risks.The results showed that carrots had the highest content of Cd and As and lower Pb;celery had higher Pb content and lower Cr and As content;the content of Pb,Cd,Cr and As in the edible parts of the six vegetables did not exceed the value ofNational Food Safety Standard Limit of Pollutants in Foods(GB 2762—2022).The highest levels of Cd,Cr and As were found in root vegetables,and the highest levels of Pb were found in stem vegetables.The Nemero index of heavy metal levels in the six vegetables showed that none of them were contaminated with heavy metals.Accumulated Pb from the three types of vegetables showed no carcinogenic risk to humans,but accumulated Cd,Cr,and As all showed a carcinogenic risk to children,and Cd and As showed a carcinogenic risk to adults.

关 键 词：蔬菜 重金属 富集能力 污染指数 健康风险 

分 类 号：S481.8[农业科学—农药学]