地理标志商标质押融资的障碍与破解  

Obstacles and Solutions to Financing by Pledge of Geographical Indication Trademarks

作　　者：龙圣锦 张可思 LONG Sheng-jin;ZHANG Ke-si(The Belt and Road Development Research Institute,Yili Normal University,Yining Xinjiang 835000,China;School of Intellectual Property,Gansu University of Political Science and Law,Lanzhou Gansu730070,China;School of Law and Sociology,Qinghai Normal University,Xining Qinghai 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]伊犁师范大学“一带一路”发展研究院,新疆伊宁835000 [2]甘肃政法大学知识产权学院,甘肃兰州730070 [3]青海师范大学法学与社会学学院,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《铜陵学院学报》2025年第1期66-70,共5页Journal of Tongling University

基　　金：“一带一路”发展研究院开放性课题“‘一带一路’背景下商品地理标志法律制度研究”(YDYL2022YB008);甘肃省人民检察院检察理论研究课题“知识产权领域民事公益诉讼制度研究”(GSJC2024-31-02);甘肃省教育揭榜挂帅项目“甘肃省实施乡村振兴战略的法治保障研究——以乡规民约治理效力提升为研究重点”(2021jyjbgs-09)。

摘　　要：在我国知识产权利用水平持续深化的背景下,地理标志商标作为乡村振兴与知识产权强国战略的关键连接点,其融资功能对于解决中小企业融资困境及推动农业产业化发展意义重大。然而在实践中,地理标志商标融资存在着诸如所有权主体界定模糊、商标专用权可让与性存疑,以及相关法律制度不完善等障碍。文章分析地理标志商标的权利主体、权利属性及其与一般性商标的差异,探究其质押融资的可行性与现实需求,并运用案例研究与理论分析相结合的方法,提出破解困境的路径:参考自然资源管理模式明确地理标志商标所有权归当地全体生产经营者,由政府代表行使权利并受人大监督;建立有偿许可使用制度提升管理效能;完善相关法律制度,包括提升立法层级、构建标准体系、规范评估机制与交易平台及强化风险防范等。Against the backdrop of the continuous deepening of the utilization of intellectual property in China,geographical indication trademarks,as a crucial juncture of the rural revitalization and intellectual property power strategies,play a significant role in their financing functions for solving the financing difficulties of small and medium-sized enterprises and promoting rural industrialization.However,in practice,there are obstacles in the financing of geographical indication trademarks,such as the ambiguity in defining the ownership subject,the doubt about the transferability of exclusive trademark rights,and the imperfection of relevant legal systems.This article analyzes the rights subject,rights attributes of geographical indication trademarks and their differences from general trademarks,deeply explores the feasibility and practical needs of their pledge financing,and proposes solutions to the dilemmas by combining case studies and theoretical analysis.Specifically,it is necessary to clarify that the ownership of geographical indication trademarks belongs to all local producers and operators by referring to the natural resource management model,with the government exercising the rights on behalf of them and under the supervision of the People's Congress;establish a paid licensing system to enhance management efficiency;improve relevant legal systems,including raising the legislative level,constructing a standard system,standardizing the evaluation mechanism and trading platform,and strengthening risk prevention.

关 键 词：地理标志商标 质押融资 商标法 乡村振兴 所有权主体 

分 类 号：D923.43[政治法律—民商法学]