密度与穗肥施用量对甜玉米冈甜1号农艺性状及产量的影响  

Effects of Density and Ear Fertilizer Application Rate on Agronomic Characters and Yield of Sweet Corn Variety Gangtian No.1

作　　者：吴宇 赵俊立 常海滨[1] WU Yu;ZHAO Junli;CHANG Haibin(Huanggang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Huanggang,Hubei 438000,China)

机构地区：[1]黄冈市农业科学院,湖北黄冈438000

出　　处：《作物研究》2025年第1期23-28,共6页Crop Research

基　　金：黄冈市科技创新专项(YBXM20220019)。

摘　　要：为研究密度和穗肥施用量对甜玉米农艺性状和产量的影响,2023年在湖北省团风县梅家墩村以冈甜1号为试验材料,采用裂区设计,设置密度(A)为主区因子(7个水平)、施肥量(B)为副区因子(5个水平),对不同处理玉米的农艺性状和产量进行比较分析。结果表明:密度和肥料对冈甜1号的农艺性状和产量影响显著。随着密度的增加,玉米鲜穗的穗长、穗粗、行粒数、百粒质量整体呈降低趋势,鲜穗产量呈先增加后降低趋势,以A5(6.00万株/hm^(2))处理产量最高;在同一密度水平下,鲜穗的商品性和产量均随着施肥量的增加呈先提高后降低的趋势,以B4处理(穗肥施尿素300 kg/hm^(2))最佳。综合分析,冈甜1号的适宜种植密度为6.00万株/hm^(2),在播种前施用底肥的基础上,追施尿素300 kg/hm^(2)作为穗肥的处理平均鲜穗产量最高,可达到12985.67 kg/hm^(2)。In order to study the impact of density and ear fertilizer application on the agronomic characteristics and yield of sweet corn,Gangtian No.1 was used as the test material in Meijiadun Village,Tuanfeng County,Hubei Province in 2023.A split-plot design was adopted,setting density(A)as the main area factor(7 levels)and fertilization(B)as the sub-area factor(5 levels)to compare and analyze the agronomic characteristics and yield of corn with different treatments.The re-sults showed that density and fertilizer had significant effects on the agronomic characters and yield of Gangtian No.1.With the increase of density,the ear length,ear diameter,grain number per row,and 100-grain weight of fresh ears of corn showed an overall downward trend.The yield of fresh ears increased first and then decreased.The yield of A5 treatment(60000 plants/hm^(2))was the highest.At the same density level,the commerciality and yield of fresh ears increased first and then decreased with the increase of fertilizer application,and the B4 treatment(ear fertilizer application of 300 kg/hm^(2))was the best.Comprehensive analysis shows that the suitable planting density for GangtianNo.1 is 60000 plants/hm^(2).On the basis of applying base fertilizer before sowing and topdressing urea 300 kg/hm^(2) as ear fertilizer,its average fresh ear yield has the highest,reaching 12985.67 kg/hm^(2).

关 键 词：甜玉米 栽培 密度 肥料 农艺性状 产量 

分 类 号：S513.04[农业科学—作物学]