不同用量微生物菌肥对土壤及烤后烟叶产质量的影响  

Effects of Different Amounts of Microbial Fertilizer on Soil and Tobacco Yield and Quality after Curing

作　　者：向东 王子一 肖楚文 黄思菁 宋潇瑜 朱丹丹 杨友才[2] XIANG Dong;WANG Ziyi;XIAO Chuwen;HUANG Sijing;SONG Xiaoyu;ZHU Dandan;YANG Youcai(Hunan China Tobacco Industry Co.Ltd.,Changsha,Hunan 410014,China;College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南中烟工业有限责任公司,湖南长沙410014 [2]湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《作物研究》2025年第1期39-43,共5页Crop Research

基　　金：湖南中烟工业有限责任公司科技项目(KY2023JD0001,KY2020JD0010)。

摘　　要：为探究“集结号2号”微生物菌肥在烤烟生产中的合理用量,设置微生物菌肥500倍稀释(T1)、微生物菌肥1000倍稀释(T2)、微生物菌肥2000倍稀释(T3)和不添加微生物菌肥(CK)4个处理,在烤烟G80移栽期进行灌根试验,对不同处理植烟土壤的特性、烤后烟叶的物理化学性质及产质量进行比较分析。结果表明:不同用量的微生物菌肥均可提高植烟土壤的pH和碱解氮、速效钾、有效磷含量;移栽后45 d,T1处理的土壤pH达到5.95,速效磷含量达到13.33 mg/kg,均显著高于CK。微生物菌肥对土壤pH、有效磷和速效钾含量的影响主要表现在旺长期(移栽后45 d)之前,而对碱解氮含量的影响表现在烤烟生育中后期。增施微生物菌肥显著提高了烤后烟叶的总氮、烟碱、还原糖含量以及上等烟比例和产量,且T1处理的上等烟比例最高(63.64%)。综合分析,本试验条件下,稀释500倍的微生物菌肥对植烟土壤的pH、碱解氮与有效磷含量及烤后烟叶总氮、总糖、还原糖含量和上等烟比例的提升效果最明显。In order to explore the reasonable amount of microbial fertilizer Jijiehao No.2 in flue-cured tobacco production,four treatments were set up,which were 500-fold dilution of microbial fertilizer(T1),1000-fold dilution of microbial fer-tilizer(T2),2000-fold dilution of microbial fertilizer(T3)and no addition of microbial fertilizer(CK).Root irrigation experiments were carried out during the transplanting period of flue-cured tobacco G80 to compare and analyze the charac-teristics of tobacco planting soil,physical and chemical properties and yield and quality of cured tobacco leaves with diffe-rent treatments.The results showed that different amounts of microbial fertilizer could plant tobacco soil pH,alkali-hydroly-zable nitrogen,available potassium and available phosphorus contents;45 days after transplanting,the soil pH of T1 treat-ment reached 5.95,and the available phosphorus content reached 13.33 mg/kg,which were significantly higher than CK.The effect of microbial fertilizer on soil pH,available phosphorus and available potassium content was mainly displayed before the peak period(45 days after transplanting),while the effect on alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content was displayed in the middle and late stages of flue-cured tobacco growth.The application of microbial bacterial fertilizer significantly in-creased the total nitrogen,nicotine,reducing sugar content of cured tobacco leaves,as well as the proportion and yield of top-class tobacco;and the proportion of top-class tobacco in T1 treatment was the highest(63.64%).Comprehensive analy-sis shows that under the conditions of this test,the application of microbial fertilizer diluted by 500 times(T1)had the most obvious effect on the pH,alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen and available phosphorus content of tobacco-growing soil,as well as the total nitrogen,total sugar,reducing sugar content of cured tobacco leaves and the proportion of high-quality to-bacco.

关 键 词：烤烟 施肥 微生物菌肥 土壤 产质量 

分 类 号：S572.06[农业科学—烟草工业]