烟稻复种区烤烟K326上部烟叶一次性采收成熟度的品质效应  

The Quality Effect of the Maturity of Upper Tobacco Leaves of K326 Variety Harvested at One Time in Tobacco-Rice Multiple Cropping Area

作　　者：张俊锋 于大鹏[2] 郭伟[2] 金江华[2] 李旭[2] 邹凯 侯志强 张玉民 朱林 邓小华[1] ZHANG Junfeng;YU Dapeng;GUO Wei;JIN Jianghua;LI Xu;ZOU Kai;HOU Zhiqiang;ZHANG Yumin;ZHU LIN;DENG Xiaohua(College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University,Hunan,Changsha 410128,China;Jilin Tobacco Industry Co.,Ltd.,Yanji,Jilin 133000,China;Hunan Tobacco Company Shaoyang City Company,Shaoyang,Hunan 422000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]吉林烟草工业有限责任公司,吉林延吉133000 [3]湖南省烟草公司邵阳市公司,湖南邵阳422000

出　　处：《作物研究》2025年第1期44-49,共6页Crop Research

基　　金：吉林烟草工业有限责任公司科技项目(KJXM-2023-15)。

摘　　要：为明确烟稻复种区烤烟品种K326上部烟叶一次性采收的适宜成熟度,设计M1(习惯采收)、M2(延迟7 d采收)、M3(延迟14 d采收)3个处理,对鲜烟叶的SPAD值、淀粉含量、烤后烟叶青杂比例、上等烟率和均价进行比较分析。结果表明:随着采收成熟度的提高,鲜烟叶的SPAD值下降,淀粉含量呈先升后降的趋势;烤后微带青烟叶比例下降,正组烟叶比例提高,上等烟率和均价都得到提高;烟叶质量下降,烟碱含量增加。M2处理烟叶的外观质量指数较M1、M3分别高17.04%、6.70%,评吸质量分别高1.63%、6.84%。综合考虑烤后烟叶品质,湖南邵阳烟区K326品种上部烟叶一次性采收成熟度以M2为宜,即主脉全白、支脉变白1/3、烟叶黄中带绿、叶尖及中部变黄、绒毛部分脱落、有少量成熟斑。In order to determine the suitable maturity of the upper tobacco leaves of flue-cured tobacco variety K326 in the tobacco-rice multiple cropping area,three treatments were designed,which were M1(customary harvest),M2(harvesting delayed by 7 days),and M3(harvesting delayed by 14 days).The SPAD value and starch content of fresh tobacco leaves,the proportion of green and miscellaneous leaves after curing,the rate of high-quality tobacco and the average price were compared and analyzed.The results showed that with the increase of harvest maturity,the SPAD value of fresh tobacco lea-ves decreased,and the starch content showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing.After curing,the proportion of green tobacco leaves decreased,the proportion of normal tobacco leaves increased,and the rate of high-quality tobacco and the average price were both improved.The quality of tobacco leaves decreased and the nicotine content increased.The ap-pearance quality index of tobacco leaves treated with M2 was 17.04%and 6.70%higher than that of M1 and M3 respec-tively,and the smoking quality was 1.63%and 6.84%higher respectively.Comprehensive consideration of the quality of cured tobacco leaves,the maturity of the upper tobacco leaves of K326 variety in Shaoyang tobacco growing area,Hunan Province is suitable for M2,that is,the main veins are completely white,the branch veins turn white to 1/3,the tobacco leaves are yellow in the middle and green,the tip and middle parts of the leaves turn yellow,the villi partially fall off,and there are a few mature spots.

关 键 词：烤烟 上部烟叶 采收 成熟度 品质 K326 

分 类 号：S572.09[农业科学—烟草工业]