烘烤变黄湿度对高含水量上部烟叶组织结构及化学成分的影响  

The Influence of Yellowing Humidity on the Tissue Structure and Chemical Composition of High Moisture Upper Tobacco Leaves During Curing Process

作　　者：何超超 蔡翼扬 张洪霏 潘洪 艾复清 HE Chaochao;CAI Yiyang;ZHANG Hongfei;PAN Hong;AI Fuqing(College of Tobacco,Guizhou University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China;Guizhou Tobacco Company Qiandongnan Prefecture Company,556099,China;Key Laboratory of Tobacco Quality Research in Guizhou Province,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学烟草学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州省烟草公司黔东南州公司,贵州凯里556099 [3]贵州省烟草品质重点实验室,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《作物研究》2025年第1期50-57,共8页Crop Research

基　　金：贵州省烟草公司黔东南州公司科技项目(2022522600270019)。

摘　　要：为探明多雨条件下烤烟上部叶适宜的烘烤变黄湿度,以云烟87为供试品种,在烘烤变黄关键恒温点设置3个湿度处理,对烘烤过程中不同处理的烟叶组织结构及化学成分进行比较分析。结果表明:烘烤0~72 h,变黄湿度对上、下表皮厚度影响不大;随着变黄湿度的降低,各处理的栅栏组织、海绵组织厚度分别降低107.8~130.3、80.0~90.3μm,叶片厚度降低201.1~232.0μm,烟叶的烟碱、钾、还原糖、总糖及石油醚提取物含量则分别增加12.6%~19.4%、16.4%~25.9%、117.0%~153.0%、138.4%~170.9%、18.1%~23.9%,而总氮、蛋白质、淀粉含量则分别降低17.5%~22.0%、24.5%~30.7%、74.7%~80.0%。栅栏组织、海绵组织与淀粉、蛋白质含量显著正相关,与还原糖、总糖和烟碱含量负相关(r>0.8)。适当降低变黄湿度有利于改善高含水量上部烟叶的组织结构和化学成分。In order to find out the suitable roasting yellowing humidity of the upper leaves of flue-cured tobacco under rainy conditions,Yunyan 87 was used as the test variety,and three humidity treatments were set at the key constant temperature points of roasting yellowing,and the tissue structure and chemical composition of tobacco leaves during different treatments were compared and analyzed.The results showed that:After baking for 0-72 hours,yellowing humidity had little effect on the thickness of the upper and lower skins;With the decrease of yellowing humidity,the thickness of palisade tissue and sponge tissue decreased by 107.8-130.3 and 80.0-90.3μm respectively,the thickness of leaves decreased by 201.1-232.0μm,and the content of nicotine,potassium,reducing sugar,total sugar and petroleum ether extract increased by 12.6%-19.4%,16.4%-25.9%,117.0%-153.0%,138.4%-170.9%,18.1%-23.9%,while the total nitrogen,protein and starch contents decreased by 17.5%-22.0%,24.5%-30.7%,and 74.7%-80.0%.Palisade tissue and sponge tissue were significantly positively correlated with starch and protein,and negatively correlated with reducing sugar,total sugar and nicotine(r>0.8).Properly reducing yellowing humidity is conducive to improving the organizational structure and chemi-cal composition of upper tobacco leaves with high moisture content.

关 键 词：烤烟 烘烤 上部叶 含水量 化学成分 组织结构 

分 类 号：S572.01[农业科学—烟草工业] TS44+1[农业科学—作物学]