河南省心血管病高危人群生命质量及其影响因素研究  

Study on quality of life and influencing factors among high-risk cardiovascular disease population in Henan Province

作　　者：高莉[1] 闫雅丽 戚敏杰 范雷[1] 田惠子 冯石献[1] 康锴[1] GAO Li;YAN Yai;QI Minjie;FAN Lei;TIAN Huizi;FENG Shixian;KANG Kai(Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhengzhou,Henan 450016,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省疾病预防控制中心,河南郑州450016

出　　处：《现代疾病预防控制》2025年第2期81-87,共7页MODERN DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION

基　　金：河南省医学科技攻关计划(LHGJ20190702,LHGJ20210158)。

摘　　要：目的 对河南省心血管病高危人群的生命质量进行评价,并分析其影响因素。方法 2015—2022年,采用多阶段分层整群抽样的方法抽取河南省16个县(区)的常住居民进行问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检查。运用欧洲五维健康量表(EQ-5D)评价心血管病高危人群的生命质量,采用中国效用值积分体系计算生命质量指数得分。采用单因素和多因素分析心血管病高危人群生命质量的影响因素。结果 在40 170名心血管病高危人群中,河南省心血管病高危人群的EQ-5D-3L指数得分为(0.952 1±0.092 2)分,EQ-VAS评分为(76.34±11.76)分。72.94%的调查对象在5个维度上均不存在任何困难;5个维度中,疼痛/不舒服(21.62%)和焦虑/抑郁(9.04%)的比例最高。单因素分析显示心血管病高危人群中,女性、高龄、初中及以下学历、家庭年收入≤5万元、非在婚状态、不吸烟、不饮酒、肥胖、患糖尿病、患血脂异常的调查对象EQ-5D-3L指数得分和EQ-VAS评分较低(P均<0.05)。多因素线性回归模型显示,女性(β=-0.013)、高龄(β=-0.086)、患血脂异常(β=-0.045)、患糖尿病(β=-0.019)、肥胖(β=-0.018)是EQ-5D-3L指数得分降低的影响因素(P均<0.05),根据标准化回归系数β得知,年龄对EQ-5D-3L指数得分影响最大;高龄(β=-0.062)、患糖尿病(β=-0.097)、患血脂异常(β=-0.062)、患高血压(β=-0.043)、高中及以上学历(β=-0.018)、肥胖(β=-0.014)是EQ-VAS评分降低的影响因素(P均<0.05),其中患糖尿病对EQ-VAS评分影响最大,其次为年龄和患血脂异常。结论 从整体上看,河南省心血管疾病高危人群的生命质量评分处于较低水平,其生命质量受年龄、肥胖、高血压、糖尿病和血脂异常等多种因素的影响,在制定心血管病防治策略时,应逐步将防治关口前移,提高对心血管病高危人群的关注度。Objective To assess the quality of life and its determinants among the high-risk population for cardiovascular diseases in Henan Province. Methods Between 2015 and 2022, a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was adopted to select permanent residents from 16 counties/districts in Henan Province. Participants underwent questionnaire survey, physical examinations, and laboratory tests. The EQ-5D scale was utilized to evaluate the quality of life, with the Chinese utility score system to calculate the index scores. Both univariate and multivariate analysis were conducted to identify factors influencing quality of life. Results Among the 40 170 high-risk of cardiovascular disease subjects, the EQ-5D-3L score was(0.952 1±0.092 2)and EQ-VAS score was(76.34±11.76). While 72.94% reported no difficulties across five dimensions, pain/discomfort(21.62%)and anxiety/depression(9.04%) were the most frequently reported issues. Univariate analysis indicated lower EQ-5D-3L index score and EQ-VAS score in women, older individuals, those with junior high school education or less, annual household income ≤ 50 000yuan, unmarried status, non-smokers, non-drinkers, and those with obesity, diabetes, and dyslipidemia(all P<0.05).Multivariate analysis identified age, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia as significant factors affecting the quality of life. Female gender(β=-0.013), advanced age(β=-0.086), dyslipidemia(β=-0.045), diabetes(β=-0.019), and obesity(β=-0.018)were the determinants of decreased EQ-5D-3L index score(all P<0.05). Based on the standardized regression coefficient β, age had the greatest impact on EQ-5D-3L index score. EQ-VAS scores, advanced age(β=-0.062), diabetes(β=-0.097), dyslipidemia(β=-0.062), hypertension(β=-0.043), high school education or above(β=-0.018), and obesity(β=-0.014) were influential(all P<0.05),with diabetes mellitus having most significant impact on EQ-VAS score, followed by age and dyslipididemia. Conclusions The overall quality of life of the high-risk card

关 键 词：心血管病高危人群 生命质量评价 影响因素 

分 类 号：R54[医药卫生—心血管疾病]