三维光子晶体的动态色彩响应机制及应用进展  

Research Progress on the Dynamic Color Response Mechanism and Applications of Three-Dimensional Photonic Crystals

作　　者：田丰 李华腾 赵国伟 汪长春[2] Tian Feng;Li Huateng;Zhao Guowei;Wang;Changchun(Phomera Metamaterials Inc.,Zhuhai 519099,China;State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers,Department of Macromolecular Science,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]珠海光驭科技有限公司,珠海519099 [2]聚合物分子工程国家重点实验室复旦大学高分子科学系,上海200433

出　　处：《化学学报》2025年第1期72-86,共15页Acta Chimica Sinica

基　　金：广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2020B010190003)资助.

摘　　要：三维(3D)光子晶体(Photonic Crystals,PCs)因其独特的结构和动态色彩,在智能显示、传感、防伪、信息加密、软体机器人和柔性电子等领域展现出广阔的应用前景.这类材料能够在外界刺激(如温度、pH、湿度、机械力等)下改变自身材料的有序度、有效折光指数(neff)和晶面间距(d),从而产生可逆的动态响应,改变自身的色彩.这种颜色变化非常稳定且不会被光漂白,展现出传统染料和颜料无法比拟的优势.近年来,随着胶体粒子“自下而上”组装方法的迅速发展,极大推动了动态响应型三维光子晶体的研究和应用.本文综述了三维光子晶体在动态变色领域的基础和相关应用的最新进展,系统总结了三维光子晶体结构色材料的颜色动态调控机制,并展示了这类材料在特定领域中的典型应用.最后,本综述对动态三维光子晶体的发展前景进行了展望,旨在促进此类材料的进一步研究与应用.Photonic crystals(PCs)exhibit unique dynamic color-changing properties,making them highly promising for applications in smart displays,sensing,anti-counterfeiting,information encryption,soft robotics and flexible electronics.This kind of materials,made up of periodic structured materials with varying refractive indices or dielectric constants,exhibit unique optical properties,including photonic band gap(PBG),photon localization,slow photon effect and fluorescence en hancement.Especially,by forming PBG,photonic crystal can reflect specific visible wavelength to create vivid structural color.Based on the construction direction of the periodic structured materials,photonic crystals can be categorized into one-dimensional(1D),two-dimensional(2D)and three-dimensional(3D)structures,each exhibiting unique optical proper ties.Among them,3D photonic crystals have gained considerable attention due to the bottom-up straightforward and efficient fabrication methods by using colloidal particles.Over the past three decades,significant advancements have been made in 3D photonic crystal,driven by the development of various colloidal assembly techniques.These methods typically employ or ganic or inorganic microspheres embedded within functional polymer matrix,yielding 3D photonic structures such as opal,inverse opal,double-inverse opal,etc.Notably,3D photonic crystals exhibit dynamic color responses to external stimuli,including temperature,pH,light,humidity,mechanical force,etc.The dynamic color changes arise from the adjustment of the 3D internal structure such as degree of ordering,effective refractive index(neff)and lattice spacing(d).Such color changes are highly stable and resistant to photobleaching,presenting significant advantages over traditional dyes and pigments.While numerous reviews discuss and analyze the synthesis and preparation of 3D photonic crystals,this review focuses on their critical role in dynamic responsive color changing systems,systematically detailing the mechanisms underlying structural color variati

关 键 词：三维光子晶体 胶体粒子 结构色 动态响应 可视化 

分 类 号：O734[理学—晶体学]