孕晚期孕妇对分娩镇痛认知及态度调查及影响因素分析  

A survey on the status of the cognition and attitude towards the delivery analgesia of pregnant women during the third trimester of pregnancy and analysis of the influence factors

作　　者：江明[1] 周爱玲[1] 张静[1] JIANG Ming;ZHOU Ailing;ZHANG Jing(The Second People's Hospital of Liaocheng,Liaocheng,Shandong Province,252601)

机构地区：[1]山东省聊城市第二人民医院,252601

出　　处：《中国计划生育学杂志》2025年第3期543-547,共5页Chinese Journal of Family Planning

摘　　要：目的:调查孕晚期孕产妇对分娩镇痛认知及态度及影响因素,提出干预建议。方法:选择2022年8月-2024年8月本院接诊的孕晚期孕妇1034例,采用自拟问卷对其分娩镇痛认知及态度开展调查。根据孕产妇相关知识认知水平分成高认知组和低认知组,行分娩镇痛认知多因素logistic回归分析。结果:1034例中,有625例(60.4%)对分娩镇痛知识高认知,409例(39.6%)低认知。两组产次、居住地、受教育程度、参加孕妇学校或相关知识讲座情况、获取分娩镇痛知识的途径有差异(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,产次≤1次(OR=2.861,95%CI 1.571~5.212)、居住地为农村(OR=2.426,95%CI 1.293~4.551)、受教育程度为初中及以下(OR=3.491,95%CI 1.913~6.372)是孕晚期孕产妇分娩镇痛认知的阻碍因素,参加过孕妇学校或相关知识讲座(OR=0.306,95%CI 0.171~0.548)、多途径获取分娩镇痛知识(OR=0.369,95%CI 0.200~0.680)为促进因素。1034例中有83.0%对分娩疼痛感到恐惧或极其恐惧;68.8%期望无痛顺产,13.0%期望剖宫产;对分娩镇痛的主要顾虑为影响母儿健康(42.8%);仅有43.8%愿意采取镇痛分娩技术。结论:本次调查的孕晚期孕产妇分娩镇痛认知水平较低,分娩镇痛意愿有待加强,产次、居住地、受教育程度、参加孕妇学校或相关知识讲座情况、获取分娩镇痛知识的途径与分娩镇痛认知有关联。Objective:To investigate the current status of the cognition and attitudes towards the delivery analgesia of pregnant women during the third trimester of pregnancy,and to provide the intervention suggestions.Methods:A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the cognition and attitudes towards the delivery analgesia of 1034 pregnant women during the third trimester of pregnancy who were admitted to the hospital from August 2022 to August 2024.According to the cognitive level of the women,these women were divided into group A(women with high cognitive level)and group B(women with low cognitive level).The data of the women were compared between the two groups,Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to know the factors influencing the cognition of the delivery analgesia of the women.Results:Among 1034 women,there were 625(60.4%)women in group A and 409(39.6%)women in group B.There were significant differences in the parity,the residence,the education level,the attending pregnant women's schools or other related knowledge lectures,and the approaches of accessing to the delivery analgesia knowledge of the women between the two groups(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the parity≤1(OR=2.861,95%CI 1.571-5.212),the living in rural area(OR=2.426,95%CI1.293-4.551)and the education level of junior high school or below(OR=3.491,95%CI 1.913-6.372)of the women were the hindering factors of their delivery analgesia cognition during the third trimester of pregnancy.The attending the pregnant women's school or other related knowledge lectures(OR=0.306,95%CI 0.171-0.548)and the obtaining labor analgesia knowledge through multiple approaches(OR=0.369,95%CI 0.200-0.680)of the women were the improving factors of their delivery analgesia cognition during the third trimester of pregnancy.83.0%of 1034 women felt fear or extremely fear of the delivery pain,68.8%women expected the painless vaginal delivery and 13.0%women expected cesarean section.The main concern of the delivery anal

关 键 词：孕晚期 孕妇 分娩镇痛 认知 态度 影响因素 

分 类 号：R71[医药卫生—妇产科学]