高龄初产妇抑郁情绪影响因素及其与角色适应及育儿胜任感的相关性  

Influencing factors of the depression of advanced primiparas and the correlation between the depression of the primiparas and their role adaptation and parenting competence sense

作　　者：覃秀 孔紫靖[1] 韦秀菊 QIN Xiu;KONG Zijing;WEI Xiuju(Xiaolan People's Hospital,Zhongshan,Guangdong Province,528415)

机构地区：[1]广东省中山市小榄人民医院,中山市第五人民医院,528415

出　　处：《中国计划生育学杂志》2025年第3期627-630,636,共5页Chinese Journal of Family Planning

摘　　要：目的:探讨高龄初产妇抑郁情绪影响因素,并分析其与角色适应及育儿胜任感的相关性。方法:纳入2021年1月-2024年3月本院分娩的高龄初产妇271例,使用爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(EPDS)评估产妇抑郁情绪,使用母亲角色适应问卷(RAQ)评估角色适应,使用育儿胜任感量表评估育儿胜任感。分析抑郁情绪与RAQ、C-PSOC评分关系,并分析影响抑郁情绪的主要因素。结果:高龄初产妇抑郁情绪与角色适应和育儿胜任感之间存在负相关(r=0.451、0.407,P<0.01)。抑郁组(EPDS评分≥13分)RAQ(43.07±9.49分)、C-PSOC评分(71.42±8.83分)均低于非抑郁组(EPDS评分<13分)(59.95±7.66分、81.07±10.33分)(P<0.05),RAQ评分低、C-PSOC评分低、文化程度低、家庭月收入低、产前焦虑、夫妻关系和婆媳关系一般是产后抑郁的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:高龄初产妇的抑郁情绪与其角色适应和育儿胜任感存在负相关关系。多因素分析表明,多个社会和个人因素对抑郁情绪均有显著影响。为改善高龄初产妇的心理健康,应综合考虑这些影响因素,制定具有高度针对性的干预措施。Objective:To explore the influencing factors of the depression of advanced primiparas,and to study the correlation between the depression of the primiparas and their role adaptation and parenting competence sense.Methods:This research involved a total of 271 advanced primiparas who had delivered in the hospital from January 2021 to March 2024 in this study.Edinburgh postnatal depression scale(EPDS)was used to evaluate the maternal depression,the mother role adaptation questionnaire(RAQ)was used to evaluate the role adaptation of the primiparas,and the parenting sense of competence scale was used to evaluate the parenting competence sense.The correlation between the depression of the primiparas and their RAQ and C-PSOC scores was analyzed,and the main factors affecting the depression of the primiparas were analyzed.Results:The depression of the primiparas was negatively correlated with their role adaptation and parenting competence sense(r=0.451,0.407,P<0.01).The scores of EPDS(≥13 points),RAQ(43.07±9.49 points)and C-PSOC(71.42±8.83 points)of the primiparas with depression were significantly lower than those(<13 points,59.95±7.66 points and 81.07±10.33 points)of the primiparas without depression(P<0.05),Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the low RAQ score,the low C-PSOC score,the low education level,the low family monthly income,the prenatal anxiety,the marital relationship and the mother-in-law relationship of the primiparas were the generally independent risk factors of their postpartum depression(P<0.05).Conclusion:The depression of the advanced primiparas is negatively corelated with their role adaptation and parenting competence sense.Multivariate analysis showed that the multiple social and personal factors of the primiparas have significantly impacted on their depressive mood.In order to improve the mental health of the primiparas,these influencing factors should be considered comprehensively and the highly targeted intervention measures should be formulated.

关 键 词：高龄初产妇 抑郁情绪 角色适应 育儿胜任感 影响因素 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]