不同用量有机肥和生物菌肥配施对设施番茄土壤性能和品质的影响  

Effects of different amounts of organic fertilizer and biofungal fertilizer on soil properties and quality of tomato in facility

作　　者：许泽华[1] 马军 李百云[1] 郭鑫年[2] 邢润东 周涛[2] XU Zehua;MA Jun;LI Baiyun;GUO Xinnian;XING Rundong;ZHOU Tao(Institute of Horticulture,Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan 750002,Ningxia,China;Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan 750002,Ningxia,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院园艺研究所,银川750002 [2]宁夏农林科学院农业资源与环境研究所,银川750002

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2025年第3期131-137,共7页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划(2021BBF2011);宁夏农林科学院对外交流项目(DW-X-2021001)。

摘　　要：开展不同施用量牛粪、蚯蚓粪、尾菜土壤施肥处理对设施番茄土壤改良试验,同时探究最优施用量有机肥与生物菌肥配施优化方案,筛选设施番茄生长效果好的试验处理。以土壤理化性质、土壤酶活性、番茄品质为评价指标,进行不同用量有机肥包括和生物菌肥与适量有机肥混合及CK(不施肥)的试验。结果表明,不同施肥处理对土壤养分含量和果实品质均有显著提升作用。施用有机肥后,番茄品质和土壤改良施用量效果最佳的主要集中于中量或高量,其中牛粪中量改良效果最优;进一步通过最优的筛选牛粪中量与生物菌肥(枯草芽孢杆菌、哈茨木酶菌、解淀粉芽孢杆菌)配施结果表明,哈茨木酶菌消解牛粪的能力最强,显著增加了土壤养分含量,其中哈茨木酶菌与牛粪(中量)的混合施用增加土壤养分含量并显著提升设施番茄品质。相关性分析表明,不同用量有机肥和生物菌肥配施土壤养分与番茄品质存在显著和极显著相关。A trial was conducted to explore the effects of different application amounts of cow dung,earthworm manure,and taille soil fertilization treatment on soil improvement in facility tomato,Additionally,the optimal application of organic fertilizer and biofungus fertilizer was investigated for the best grown results.Soil physical and chemical properties,soil enzyme activity,and tomato quality were used as evaluation indicators to compare different amounts of organic fertilizer,including a mixture of biofungus fertilizer and appropriate organic fertilizer as well as CK(no fertilizer).Based on the analysis of soil nutrient characteristics and tomato quality of each treatment fertilizer,the optimal fertilization treatment was selected.The results showed that different fertilization treatments significantly improved soil nutrients and fruit quality.After the application of organic fertilizer,the best effect of tomato quality and soil improvement mainly focused on the medium or high amount,with the best improvement effect of cow dung.Further optimization was carried out by com-bining the optimal amount of cow dung and biofungal fertilizers(Bacillus subtilis,Bacillus hartsimmermontii,Bacillus amyloliquefaciens).The results showed that Bacillus hartsimmermontii had the strongest ability to dissolve the cow dung,significantly increasing soil nutrients.The combination of Bacterium hartsimmermontii and medium amount cow dung significantly improved soil nutrient and notably enhanced the quality of facility tomato.Correlation analysis indicated that the combination of different amount of organic fertilizers and biofertilizers showed a significant hand high significant cor-relation with soil nutrients and tomato quality.

关 键 词：番茄 有机肥 生物菌剂 土壤 品质 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]