河南省长豇豆区域试验综合分析  

Comprehensive analysis of regional test of cowpea varieties in Henan province

作　　者：王红宾[1] 于海培[1] 姬晓晨 庞淑敏 方贯娜 李童 WANG Hongbin;YU Haipei;JI Xiaochen;PANG Shumin;FANG Guanna;LI Tong(Anyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Anyang 455000,Henan,China;Zhengzhou Academy of Agricultural Science and Technology,Zhengzhou 450015,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]安阳市农业科学院,河南安阳455000 [2]郑州市农业科技研究院,郑州450015

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2025年第3期155-163,共9页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：河南省大宗蔬菜产业技术体系(HARS-22-07-Z3);安阳市豆类蔬菜品种改良工程技术研究中心(2021BJC052)。

摘　　要：为加快河南省豇豆新品种的选育与推广进程,对河南省5个试点9个品种的区试结果进行了农艺性状、品质和抗病性的比较分析,并通过相关性分析、聚类分析和主成分分析进行综合评价。结果表明,农艺性状中仅全生育期、荚厚和单株荚数在不同品种间差异不显著,其他性状差异显著。安豇早丰、安豇长青和紫豇1号前期产量较高,安豇长青、绿宝特和紫豇1号总产量较高;紫豇1号的蛋白质含量最高,安豇长青的维生素C和粗纤维含量最高,奇美的可溶性总糖含量最高;郑研荚多宝田间锈病抗性最强,奇美和安豇长青田间白粉病抗性最强,绿宝特田间病毒病抗性最强。相关性分析结果表明,株高、荚长等农艺性状与产量、品质之间呈显著相关性。聚类分析将9个豇豆品种分为4类,郑研豇美人、郑研荚多宝、绿宝特和紫豇1号为第Ⅰ类,青丰2号、奇美和安豇早丰为第Ⅱ类,安豇长青为第Ⅲ类,之豇28-2为第Ⅳ类。主成分分析将19个农艺性状转化为6个主成分,综合得分较高的为绿宝特、紫豇1号、安豇长青和郑研豇美人,适宜在河南省内大面积推广种植。To accelerate the breeding and promotion of new cowpea varieties in Henan province,a comparative analysis of agronomic traits,quality,and disease resistance was conducted on the regional trial results of nine cowpea varieties across five test sites in Henan province.Comprehensive evaluations were performed using correlation analysis,cluster analysis,and principal component analysis(PCA).The experimental results revealed significant differences in plant height,internode length,node of the first flower,pod length,pod width,single pod mass,early yield and yield among the varieties in terms of agronomic traits.Anjiangzaofeng,Anjiangchangqing,and Zijiang 1 exhibited higher early yields,while Anjiangchangqing,Lübaote,and Zijiang 1 demonstrated higher total yields.Zijiang 1 had the highest protein content,Anjiangchangqing showed the highest vitamin C and crude fiber content,and Qimei exhibited the highest total soluble sugar content.In terms of disease resistance,Zhengyanjiaduobao displayed the strongest field resistance to rust,Qimei and Anjiangchangqing exhibited the strongest resistance to powdery mildew,and Lübaote showed the strongest resistance to viral diseases.Correlation analysis indicated significant relationships between agronomic traits(e.g.,plant height and pod length)and yield or quality parameters.Cluster analysis categorized the nine cowpea varieties into four groups:Zhengyanjiangmeiren,Zhengyanjiaduobao,Lübaote,and Zijiang No.1 were classified as Group I;Qingfeng 2,Qimei,and Anjiangzaofeng as Group II;Anjiangchangqing as Group III;and Zhijiang 28-2 as Group IV.PCA trans-formed 19 agronomic traits into six principal components,with cumulative variance contribution rate reaching 83.4%.Varieties such as Lübaote,Zijiang 1,Anjiangchangqing,and Zhengyanjiangmeiren achieved higher comprehensive scores,indicating their suitability for large-scale cultivation in Henan province.

关 键 词：豇豆 区域试验 农艺性状 相关性分析 聚类分析 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S643.4[农业科学—蔬菜学]