涉农贷款发展的理论逻辑、结构性问题与实践路径  

Theoretical Logic,Structural Issues,and Practical Pathways for Agricultural-related Loan Development

作　　者：张合成 李正印 ZHANG Hecheng;LI Zhengyin

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院,北京100081 [2]中国农业科学院农业经济与发展研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《农业经济问题》2025年第3期4-17,共14页Issues in Agricultural Economy

基　　金：中国农业科学院科技创新工程(编号:10-IAED-01-2024)。

摘　　要：涉农贷款为支持农业农村发展、促进乡村振兴发挥了强有力的金融支撑作用,但供给结构失衡的问题仍制约其效能。为深入探讨涉农贷款在支持农业农村发展中的作用及其提升路径,本文从理论与实践两个层面展开研究。首先,从理论层面剖析涉农贷款发展的理论逻辑,明确涉农贷款是实现中国式现代化的金融保障,构建中国特色农村金融体系的核心支撑,防范化解金融风险的重要着力点。其次,从实践层面指出当前涉农贷款存在农业贷款、农业科技贷款增长较慢且占比持续下降,农户贷款可得性低等结构性问题。最后,提出涉农贷款高质量发展的实践路径,包括进一步优化供给结构,加快创新产品和服务,强化公共服务属性,构建高质量发展的制度体系。Agricultural-related loans provide strong financial support for agricultural and rural de velopment and play a crucial role in promoting rural revitalization.However,imbalances in the supply structure continue to limit their effectiveness.To deeply examine the role of agricultural-related loans in supporting agricultural and rural development and explore pathways for improvement,this paper conducts research from both theoretical and practical perspectives.Firstly,from a theoretical perspective,it analyzes the development logic of agricultural-related loans,clarifying that they are a financial guarantee for achieving Chinese-style modernization,a core pillar of the rural financial system with Chinese characteristics,and a critical focus for preventing and resolving financial risks.Secondly,from a practical perspective,the paper identifies structural challenges,such as the slow growth and de clining share of agricultural-related loans and agricultural science and technology loans,as well as the low accessibility of loans to farmers.Finally,it proposes practical pathways for the high-quality develop ment of agricultural-related loans,including optimizing the supply structure,accelerating innovation in products and services,enhancing public service attributes,and establishing an institutional framework to support sustainable development.

关 键 词：涉农贷款 普惠金融 农业贷款 农业科技贷款 贷款可得性 

分 类 号：F83[经济管理—金融学]