风力机叶片支脉梁特征对结构性能影响研究  

Research on the Effect of Wind Turbine Blade Branch Spar Cap Characteristics on Structural Performance

作　　者：范士杰 缪维跑 李春[1,2] 岳敏楠 FAN Shijie;MIAO Weipao;LI Chun;YUE Minnan(School of Energy and Power Engineering,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai,China,200093;Shanghai Non-carbon Energy Conversion and Utilization Institute,Shanghai,China,200240)

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学能源与动力工程学院,上海200093 [2]上海非碳基能源转换与利用研究院,上海200240

出　　处：《热能动力工程》2025年第2期119-128,共10页Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy and Power

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52106262,52376204);上海市Ⅳ类高峰学科-能源科学与技术-上海非碳基能源转换与利用研究院建设项目。

摘　　要：为解决现代大型风力机现有复合材料叶片轻量化方法易导致其结构刚度降低和局部屈曲失稳等问题,参照植物叶片主脉与支脉特征,在5 MW风力机叶片主梁两侧布置不同朝向角度和纤维角度的支脉梁,以提升叶片结构性能。通过流固耦合方法对叶片进行模态、结构静力学及屈曲分析,分析结果表明:不同角度的支脉梁布置均可使叶片减重约6%,且叶尖位移及最大应力均在叶片设计要求范围之内;添加支脉梁结构可提升风力机叶片的屈曲稳定性,且绝大多数情况下支脉梁的纤维角度与朝向角度相同时可进一步提高屈曲因子;在确保叶片稳定及抗共振性能的前提下,当支脉梁与主梁夹角和支脉梁纤维方向均为150°时,叶片综合性能更佳。In order to solve the problem that the existing lightweighting method of composite blades for modern large wind turbines easily leads to the reduction of its structural rigidity and local buckling instability,referring to the characteristics of the main veins and branch veins of plant leaves,branch spar caps with different orientation angles and fiber angles were arranged on both sides of the spar caps of 5 MW wind turbine blades to enhance the structural performance of the blades.The modal,structural static and buckling analyses of the blade were carried out by the fluid-solid coupling method.The results show that the arrangement of the branch spar caps with different angles can reduce the weight of the blade by about 6%,and the tip displacement and the maximum stress are all within the range of the design requirements of the blade;the addition of the branch spar caps can improve the buckling stability of the wind turbine blade,and the branch spar caps with the same fiber angle and orientation angle in the vast majority of cases can further improve the buckling factors.Under the premise of ensuring the stability and anti-resonance performance of the blade,the comprehensive performance of the blade is better when the angle between the branch spar cap and the spar cap and the fiber direction of the branch spar cap are both 150°.

关 键 词：水平轴风力机 叶片 主梁 支脉梁 植物叶脉 

分 类 号：TK83[动力工程及工程热物理—流体机械及工程]