尿液水解率对镁空气燃料电池体系营养物质回收性能的影响  

Effect of urine hydrolysis degree on the recovery performance of nutrients in magnesium-air fuel cell system

作　　者：蔡博华 伍迪 邓迎迎 胡淑捷 张梦玥 刘元[1] CAI Bohua;WU Di;DENG Yingying;HU Shujie;ZHANG Mengyue;LIU Yuan(Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chongqing 400714,China;Chongqing School,University of Chinese Academy of Science,Chongqing 400714,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院,重庆400714 [2]中国科学院大学重庆学院,重庆400714

出　　处：《环境工程》2025年第3期11-21,共11页Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金优秀青年科学基金项目“电化学废水资源循环”(52122007)。

摘　　要：从尿液中回收农业所需的磷(P)、氮(N)等资源,有利于缓解当今我国面临的肥料生产量与矿产储量不平衡的问题。基于镁空气燃料电池(MAFC)原理的技术已经实现了从完全水解尿液中高效去除并回收P资源,但存在尿素资源浪费问题。尿液水解释放出的NH_(4)^(+)和OH^(-)会引发水质改变,可能会对MAFC中P回收产生影响,且过度水解也不利于尿素资源化。考察了尿液水解率对MAFC体系中P回收性能的影响,揭示了尿液水解率对MAFC中含P沉淀物生成的影响机制,以期在尽可能保留尿素的同时,实现P的高效去除与回收。结果表明:水解率为10%的尿液可满足鸟粪石沉淀所需的NH_(4)^(+)与适宜的pH环境。对不同水解率尿液反应60 min后收集的沉淀的表征结果表明:不同水解率尿液的沉淀组成具有显著差异。通过对10%水解尿液体系中所回收沉淀物进行分析,发现其反应40 min后收集的沉淀物中鸟粪石质量分数可达96%。研究结果可为通过控制尿液水解率回收高品质含磷缓释肥提供参考。Recycling resources such as phosphorus(P)and nitrogen(N)from urine is of profound significance in line with the demands of sustainable development.This approach holds great promise in alleviating the imbalance between fertilizer production and mineral reserves that China currently faces.Magnesium-air fuel cells(MAFC)offer a viable means for the efficient removal and recovery of P resources from fully hydrolyzed urine.However,this process unfortunately leads to a waste of valuable urea resources.Urine is highly prone to hydrolysis.Once hydrolyzed,the released NH_(4)^(+)and OH^(-)ions will bring about significant changes in urine water quality.This alteration may have a substantial impact on P recovery within the MAFC system.Moreover,excessive hydrolysis is not conducive to the effective utilization of urea resources.In this study,extensive experiments were meticulously conducted by designing simulated urine samples with varying degrees of hydrolysis.The aim was to thoroughly investigate the influence of urine hydrolysis degree on P recovery performance in the MAFC system.The underlying mechanism by which the degree of urine hydrolysis affects the generation of P-containing precipitates in the MAFC was painstakingly revealed.The ultimate objective was to achieve efficient removal and recovery of P while striving to retain as much urea as possible.The research findings demonstrated that urine with a hydrolysis degree of 10%could supply a sufficient amount of NH_4~+and create a suitable pH environment.In this case,it could remove 94.42%of the initial PO_(4)^(3-)while still retaining 96.81%of the initial urea.Additionally,the degree of urine hydrolysis indeed had a notable influence on the composition of the precipitates.By comprehensively characterizing the precipitates collected from urine with different hydrolysis degrees after 60 minutes of reaction,significant differences in the composition of the generated precipitates were clearly identified.Through the detailed analysis of the recovered precipitates in the uri

关 键 词：源分离尿液 尿液水解率 资源回收 鸟粪石 镁空气燃料电池 

分 类 号：F33[经济管理—产业经济]