聚磷菌及其碳源代谢特征的研究进展  

Research advances in carbon source utilization and metabolic characteristics of polyphosphate-accumulating organisms(PAOs) in enhanced biological phosphorus removal systems

作　　者：郑茜匀 许轲桐 贺继涛 车奇睿 郑怡华 郑海欣 袁婧 陈航 陈丽萍 韦朝海 邱光磊[1,2,3,4] ZHENG Qianyun;XU Ketong;HE Jitao;CHE Qirui;ZHENG Yihua;ZHENG Haixin;YUAN Jing;CHEN Hang;CHEN Liping;WEI Chaohai;QIU Guanglei(School of Environment and Energy,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,China;Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration in Industrial Clusters,Ministry of Education,Guangzhou 510006,China;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling,Guangzhou 510006,China;National Joint Research Center for Ecological Conservation and High Quality Development of the Yellow River Basin,Beijing 100012,China)

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学环境与能源学院,广州510006 [2]工业聚集区污染控制与生态修复教育部重点实验室,广州510006 [3]固体废物污染控制与资源化广东省重点实验室,广州510006 [4]国家黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展联合研究中心,北京100012

出　　处：《环境工程》2025年第3期22-41,共20页Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202310561048);国家自然科学基金项目(52270035、51808297);广东省自然科学基金(2021A1515010494);广东省珠江人才计划(2019QN01L125);广州市重点研发计划(2023B03J1334);黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展联合研究项目。

摘　　要：聚磷菌(PAOs)是强化生物除磷系统(EBPR)的关键功能微生物,其在厌氧条件下摄取碳源,在好氧条件下进行除磷。近年来,随着人们对聚磷菌研究增多,发现不同聚磷菌对碳源摄取的偏好及代谢机制有所差异。重点综述与总结了典型聚磷菌Candidatus Accumulibacter、Dechloromonas、Tetrasphaera和Microlunatus phosphovorus对乙酸、氨基酸、糖类等碳源的摄取偏好与代谢机制,系统介绍了不同碳源条件下聚磷菌、聚糖菌以及不同聚磷菌间的相互作用关系。在EPBR系统中,使用特定碳源或交替使用不同碳源、利用聚磷菌和聚糖菌碳源摄取生物能量学机制差异进行碳源供给速率的调控,是实现聚磷菌的种群优势的重要且有效的方式;对聚磷菌多碳源耦合代谢机制的揭示为EBPR系统减碳提供了基础;Candidatus Accumulibacter和Tetrasphaera间存在对氨基酸的竞争摄取关系;二者之间的相互作用关系取决于Tetrasphaera在厌氧发酵过程中释放的发酵产物;Tetrasphaera和Microlunatus phosphovorus在葡萄糖和氨基酸作为碳源条件下的相互作用关系尚不明确;糖类作为EBPR系统碳源的有效性仍需进一步研究。Polyphosphate-accumulating organisms(PAOs) are key functional microorganisms in enhanced biological phosphorus removal(EBPR) systems, which take up carbon sources under anaerobic conditions and remove phosphorus under aerobic conditions. In recent years, with the increasing numbers of research on EBPR and PAOs, it has been found that different PAOs have different carbon source preferences and metabolic characteristics. This paper provides an overview of typical PAOs, including Candidatus Accumulibacter, Dechromomonas, Tetrasphaera, and Microlunatus phosphovorus, with a focus on their preferences and metabolic mechanisms on acetate, amino acids, and carbohydrates. The interactions between PAOs and glycogen-accumulating organisms(GAOs), and different PAOs mediated by different carbon sources were also introduced and discussed. The application of specific carbon sources or alternating carbon sources, or the control and regulation of the carbon source supply rate based on the major differences in the carbon uptake bioenergetics of PAOs and GAOs are effective measures for the suppression of GAOs in the EPBR system. The synergetic mechanism of multiple carbon sources shown for Candidatus Accumulibacter lays a basis for carbon emission reduction in EBPR systems. The competition between Candidatus Accumulibacter and Tetrasphaera is inevitable when amino acids are used as carbon sources. Their interactions may further depend on the fermentation products generated by Tetrasphaera during the fermentation process. The interactions between Tetrasphaera and Microlunatus phosphorus with glucose or amino acids as carbon sources are yet to be further understood. Future research is needed to determine whether carbohydrates are an effective and beneficial carbon source for EBPR systems.

关 键 词：聚磷菌 Candidatus Accumulibacter Dechloromonas Tetrasphaera Microlunatus phosphovorus 碳源 

分 类 号：X70[环境科学与工程—环境工程]