基于代谢优化与电化学调控的厨余垃圾水解酸化制碳源技术进展  

Advanced hydrolysis acidification technology of food waste for producing carbon source: metabolism optimization and electrochemical regulation

作　　者：杨武霖 刘名卉 邵岩 YANG Wulin;LIU Minghui;SHAO Yan(College of Environmental Sciences and Technology,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;Tianfu Yongxing Laboratory,Chengdu 610213,China;Institute of Resource and Environment,Beijing Academy of Science and Technology,Beijing 100095,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学环境与工程学院,北京100871 [2]天府永兴实验室,成都610213 [3]北京市科学技术研究院资源环境研究所,北京100095

出　　处：《环境工程》2025年第3期103-113,共11页Environmental Engineering

基　　金：北京市科学技术研究院北科萌芽人才计划(24CE-BGS-07)。

摘　　要：针对污水处理碳源需求量大与厨余垃圾处理成本高的实际需求,发展了利用厨余垃圾发酵液中小分子有机酸制备生物基绿色碳源工艺,创新了“以废治污”的水固协同治理模式,为城市减污降碳、协同增效目标提供可推广的绿色技术范式。从厨余垃圾制碳源工艺、水解酸化核心技术和碳源产品应用等方面总结了近年的研究进展;结合代谢工程、电化学、导电纳米材料、机器学习等研究热点,追踪了厨余垃圾等有机固废的水解酸化技术前沿;简析了我国厨余垃圾碳源行业存在的现实问题,并提出了相关发展建议。研究结果可为了解厨余垃圾制碳源工艺和开发新兴的高效产酸技术提供基础与借鉴。In view of the substantial demand of carbon sources in wastewater treatment plants and the high cost of food waste disposal, a process for preparing bio-based green carbon sources by the small molecular organic acids in the fermentation liquid of food waste was developed. Volatile organic acids(VFAs), as carbon source, it innovatively provides a synergy treatment pattern of solid waste and municipal sewage in cites, and makes a propagable paradigm of green techniques for achieving the synergistic reducing pollution and carbon and promoting efficiency goals. This paper summarized the research progress in terms of food waste fermentation liquid and bio-based carbon resource. It included three aspects, respectively the whole preparation process from food waste to carbon source product, the key technique during the process on hydrolysis and acidification of food wastes, and the application effect of carbon source product into wastewater for denitrification. Further focusing on the key technology, the frontier development on the hydrolysis and acidification of organic wastes, especially food wastes, were tracked and overviewed. It was integrated with some research hotspots in recent years, for instance of the metabolic engineering of the fermentation microorganisms, the electrochemistry pretreatment method for promoting substrate biodegradability, the addition of conductive nanomaterial for methanogenesis inhibition in anaerobic system, and the expand application of machine learning on simulating fermentation process. Finally, the practical problems existing in the fermentation industry from food waste to carbon sources in China were briefly analyzed, and the relevant suggestions on the aspects of carbon source preparation, transport and application were put forward. This review can provide a technical basis for understanding the fermentation engineering of food waste for producing carbon sources, as well as upgrading the hydrolysis acidification technology to promote the production yield of small molecular organic ac

关 键 词：厌氧发酵 挥发性脂肪酸 厨余垃圾 碳源 脱氮 

分 类 号：X70[环境科学与工程—环境工程]