海军不同兵种官兵肠道菌群特征的大样本比较研究  

A large-scale comparative study on the gut microbiota among the personnel of different PLA Navy branches

作　　者：吴浩 方雪 王树玲 张菂 李平 李兆申 薛芊 黄文 Wu Hao;Fang Xue;Wang Shuling;Zhang Di;Li Ping;Li Zhaoshen;Xue Qian;Huang Wen(The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University,Shanghai 200433,China;Clinical Research Center of Changhai Hospital,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]海军军医大学第一附属医院消化内科,上海200433 [2]长海医院临床研究中心,上海200433

出　　处：《中华航海医学与高气压医学杂志》2025年第2期119-125,共7页Chinese Journal of Nautical Medicine and Hyperbaric Medicine

摘　　要：目的:探究海军不同兵种官兵的肠道菌群特征及其对肠道微生物结构功能的影响。方法:2022年9月至2023年12月,采用整群随机抽样的方法选取1689名海军基层部队官兵作为研究对象,根据不同兵种分为水面舰艇部队、潜艇部队、海军航空兵和海军陆战队4组。通过问卷调查方式采集研究对象的基本信息(年龄、性别、兵种等)。对官兵粪便标本进行肠道菌群16S rRNA检测,采用Alpha和Beta多样性分析比较4组官兵肠道菌群的丰度和肠道微生物群落构成;根据高通量测序结果比较4组官兵肠道菌群的组成结构。采用液相色谱-质谱非靶向代谢组学方法检测粪便标本的代谢物,比较4组官兵的差异代谢物,采用KEGG富集分析差异代谢物的相关代谢通路。结果:潜艇部队、海军航空兵、陆战队官兵肠道菌群Chao1指数分别为202.1±65.0、202.6±45.0、198.1±49.7,明显低于水面舰艇部队官兵(217.0±86.8),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01或P<0.001)。与海军陆战队官兵相比,潜艇部队、水面舰艇部队、航空兵部队官兵肠道微生物群落构成差异均有统计学意义(均P=0.001)。4组官兵中拟杆菌门的丰度均为最高,潜艇部队官兵的拟杆菌门丰度(45.4%)明显低于海军航空兵(51.0%)、水面舰艇部队(50.7%)及海军陆战队(56.3%);潜艇部队官兵厚壁菌门丰度(41.1%)明显高于海军航空兵(36.7%)、水面舰艇部队(35.8%)以及海军陆战队(32.3%),差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.001)。与健康人群比较,潜艇部队官兵普氏菌属、毛螺菌属丰度明显降低,大肠杆菌-志贺菌、产粪甾醇真杆菌、经黏液真杆菌属、Lachnoclostridium丰度明显增高;航空兵部队官兵副拟杆菌属、戴阿利斯特杆菌属丰度明显降低;水面舰艇部队官兵栖粪杆菌属、毛螺菌属、副萨特氏菌属明显降低,经黏液真杆菌属丰度明显升高;海军陆战队官兵戴阿利斯特杆菌属丰度明显降低(均P<0.01)。4�Objective:To study the gut microbiota profiles of the personnel of different PLA naval branches and the influence of different duties on the gut microbial structure and function.Methods:From September 2022 to December 2023,a total of 1689 PLA naval personnel at the small-unit level were selected as study subjects using cluster,random,and sampling methods.They were divided into four groups based on different branches:surface ship,submarine,aviation,and marine.Basic information(age,gender,branch,etc.)was collected through questionnaire survey.Fecal samples were subjected to gut microbiota 16S rRNA testing,and Alpha and Beta diversity analyses were used to compare the abundance and composition of gut microbial communities among the four groups.Based on high-throughput sequencing results,the composition structures of the gut microbiota among the four groups were compared.The liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS)non-targeted metabolomics method was used to detect metabolites in fecal samples,and the differential metabolites among the four groups were compared.KEGG enrichment analysis was used to analyze the related metabolic pathways of differential metabolites.Results:The Chao1 index of the gut microbiota in personnel of submarine,aviation,and marine were 202.1±65.0,202.6±45.0,and 198.1±49.7,respectively,which were significantly lower than that of surface ship personnel(217.0±86.8),with statistically significant differences(P<0.01 or P<0.001).Compared with marine personnel,there were statistically significant differences in the composition of gut microbiota among personnel of submarine,surface ship,and aviation(all P=0.001).The abundance of Bacteroidetes was highest in all four groups of personnel,with submarine personnel having a significantly lower abundance(45.4%)compared with the personnel of aviation(51.0%),surface ship(50.7%),and marine(56.3%).The abundance of Firmicutes(41.1%)was significantly higher in submarine personnel compared with personnel of aviation(36.7%),surface ship(35.8%),and marine(3

关 键 词：海军官兵 肠道菌群 16S rRNA检测 代谢组学 

分 类 号：E22[军事—军事理论]