机会成本视角下粮食产销区省际横向利益补偿机制研究  

Research on the inter-provincial horizontal benefit compensation mechanism between grain producing and consuming regions from the perspective of opportunity cost

作　　者：钟钰[1] 吴刚 毛世平[1] ZHONG Yu;WU Gang;MAO Shiping(Institute of Agricultural Economics and Development,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业经济与发展研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《中国软科学》2025年第2期150-160,共11页China Soft Science

基　　金：国家乡村振兴局“脱贫地区帮扶产业可持续发展项目:脱贫地区帮扶产业可持续发展面临的突出问题和对策举措”(TC230F06D);国家社会科学基金重大项目“耕地—技术—政策融合视角下的‘两藏’战略研究”(21ZDA056);中国农业科学院科技创新工程基础科学研究中心科学任务“粮食主产区利益补偿生成机理与机制构建”(10-IAED-01-2025);财政部、农业农村部“农业农村法制建设与政策调研”财政专项“高质量发展背景下粮食支持政策改革研究”(110205210003002)。

摘　　要：为保障国家粮食安全、实现区域协调发展,中央持续增加对粮食主产区的纵向利益补偿力度,并探索构建粮食产销区省际横向利益补偿机制。基于2004—2022年各省份粮食净调量和TFE-SFA测算的要素产出弹性,采用机会成本法测算2004—2022年全国30个省份的粮食产销区省际横向利益补偿。研究得到主要结论是:第一,粮食产销区分担的粮食生产责任极不平衡,仅有黑龙江、内蒙古、吉林、河南和新疆等少数省份可以常年净调出粮食;第二,在户籍人口口径下,2022年当年和5年平均方案的受偿总额分别为1664.38亿元、1654.95亿元,在常住人口口径下,2022年当年和5年平均方案的受偿总额则分别为1811.57亿元、1819.69亿元,黑龙江、内蒙古和吉林的受偿金额约占受偿总额的90%。为更好地保障国家粮食安全和协调区域发展,需要构建产销区间合作发展机制,建立健全粮食产销区省际横向利益补偿制度安排,并完善粮食流通统计制度,建立粮食跨区域数据共享平台。To safeguard national food security and achieve regional coordinated development,the central government has consistently increased vertical benefit compensation to major grain-producing regions and explored the establishment of a horizontal inter-provincial benefit compensation mechanism between grain producing and consuming regions.Based on the net grain transfer and the output elasticity of factors calculated by TFE-SFA for each province from 2004 to 2022,this paper uses the opportunity cost method to estimate the inter-provincial horizontal benefit compensation between grain producing and consuming regions in 30 provinces(municipalities and autonomous regions)across the country during 2004-2022.The main conclusions are as follows:First,the responsibility for grain production is extremely unevenly distributed between regions,with only a few provinces such as Heilongjiang,Inner Mongolia,Jilin,Henan,and Xinjiang consistently able to net-export grain.Second,based on registered population data,the total compensation for 2022 and the five-year average are 166.438 billion yuan and 165.495 billion yuan,respectively.Based on the resident population,the total compensation for 2022 and the five-year average are 181.157 billion yuan and 181.969 billion yuan,respectively,with Heilongjiang,Inner Mongolia,and Jilin accounting for about 90%of the compensation.To better safeguard national food security and coordinate regional development,it is necessary to establish a cooperative development mechanism between grain producing and consuming regions,improve the inter-provincial horizontal benefit compensation system,and enhance the grain circulation statistics system by creating a cross-regional data-sharing platform for grain circulation.

关 键 词：粮食安全 横向利益补偿机制 机会成本 

分 类 号：F320[经济管理—产业经济]