温度胁迫对‘椰香芒’花粉萌发率和花粉管生长的影响  

Effects of temperature stress on the rate of pollen germination and pollen tube growth in‘Dashehari’

作　　者：刘馨语 梁清志 祁小利 王明田 LIU Xinyu;LIANG Qingzhi;QI Xiaoli;WANG Mingtian(Renhe Meteorological Bureau of Panzhihua City,Panzhihua 617000,China;Key Laboratory of Disaster Weather Defense and Climate Resource Utilization in Panzhihua City,Panzhihua 617000,China;Guangdong Ocean University,Guangdong 524088,China;Water-Saving Agriculture Research in Southern Hilly Area Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Chengdu 610066,China;Sichuan Meteorological Observatory,Chengdu 610072,China)

机构地区：[1]攀枝花市仁和区气象局,攀枝花617000 [2]攀枝花市灾害性天气防御与气候资源化研究重点实验室,攀枝花617000 [3]广东海洋大学,湛江524088 [4]南方丘区节水农业研究四川省重点实验室,成都610066 [5]四川省气象台,成都610072

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2024年第6期1161-1166,共6页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0303);国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD1002202);攀枝花市灾害性天气防御与气候资源化研究重点实验室开放研究基金项目(PZHQXKJYJXMS202505)资助。

摘　　要：全球气候变化是影响‘椰香芒(Dashehari)’授粉及坐果的主要因素.为揭示温度对‘椰香芒’花期萌发的影响机制,采用二次方程和修正双线性模型估算14-36℃下‘椰香芒’花粉萌发率(PG)、花粉管长度(PTL)最大值及花粉萌发率和花粉管长度的基本温度(θ_(min)、θ_(opt)和θ_(max)),同时利用累计应激反应指数(CSRI),研究温度对‘椰香芒’花粉萌发特性的影响.结果显示,当温度在20-32℃时,‘椰香芒’花粉能够进行萌发,且花粉萌发率随温度的升高呈现先增加后降低的趋势,在28℃处理3 h,花粉萌发率和花粉管长度均达到峰值,分别为32.2%和53.2μm;在相同温度胁迫下,累计时间逐渐增加时,花粉失活温度区间也在逐渐增加,且花粉萌发逐渐降低.结合二次方程和修正双线性模型得出‘椰香芒’花粉萌发的最适温度范围为21.9-30.3℃,同时根据CSRI值指出,‘椰香芒’对低温比高温更敏感.本研究表明温度对‘椰香芒’的影响可能是导致其产量不稳定的主要原因,确定芒果品种花期花粉萌发率和花粉管生长的基本温度为适宜性区划和气象监测预测提供了重要指标.Global climate change has been identified as a major factor influencing the pollination and fruit set of‘Dashehari’mangoes.To determine the mechanisms associated with the influence of temperature on the flowering period germination of‘Dashehari’,we used a quadratic equation and a modified bilinear model to estimate the rate of pollen germination,maximum pollen tube length,and the base temperatures(T_(min),T_(opt),and T_(max))for pollen germination and pollen tube growth at temperatures ranging from 14℃to 36℃.In addition,we used the cumulative stress response index(CSRI)to assess the influence of temperature on the pollen germination characteristics of‘Dashehari’.The results revealed that Dashehari’pollen can germinate at temperatures between 20℃and 32℃,and that the rate of pollen germination initially increased and subsequently declined with rising temperatures,with peaks in the rate of pollen germination and pollen tube length being recorded at 28℃after 3 h,with values of 32.2%and 53.2μm,respectively.When exposed to the same degree of temperature stress,there was an increase in the cumulative time,and the temperature range for pollen inactivation also gradually increased,whereas pollen germination gradually declined.Combining the results obtained using quadratic equation and modified bilinear models,the optimal temperature range for‘Dashehari’pollen germination was determined to be from 21.9℃to 30.3℃.Furthermore,the CSRI values obtained indicated that‘Dashehari’is more sensitive to low temperatures than to high temperatures.Our findings in this study provide evidence to indicate that temperature may be a primary factor contributing to the instability of‘Dashehari’yields.Determining the optimal base temperatures for enhancing the rate of pollen germination and pollen tube growth during the flowering period of mango varieties could provide important indicators for suitability zoning,as well as for meteorological monitoring and forecasting.

关 键 词：芒果 花粉萌发 温度胁迫 累计应激反应指数 

分 类 号：S66[农业科学—果树学]