晒种与药剂浸种对水稻种子发芽及恶苗病防控效果的影响  

Effects of Sun-drying and Chemical Soaking of Seeds on Rice Seed Germination and the Control of Bakanae Disease

作　　者：邵美红 金水丰 赵玲玲 王国荣 王运 梁梦琪 张艺琳 黄世文[6] SHAO Meihong;JIN Shuifeng;ZHAO Lingling;WANG Guorong;WANG Yun;LIANG Mengqi;ZHANG Yilin;HUANG Shiwen(Jiande Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Jiande,Zhejiang 311600,China;Hangzhou Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Hangzhou 310020,China;Hangzhou Xiaoshan District Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Hangzhou 311203,China;Jiande Jiankun Agricultural Development Co.,Ltd.,Jiande,Zhejiang 311601,China;Taizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Taizhou,Zhejiang 318014,China;China National Rice Research Institute,Hangzhou 310006,China)

机构地区：[1]建德市农业技术推广中心,浙江建德311600 [2]杭州市农业技术推广中心,杭州310020 [3]杭州市萧山区农业技术推广中心,杭州311203 [4]建德市建坤农业开发有限公司,浙江建德311601 [5]台州市农业科学研究院,浙江台州318014 [6]中国水稻研究所,杭州310006

出　　处：《中国稻米》2025年第2期87-91,共5页China Rice

基　　金：浙江省重点研发计划项目(2019C02018);杭州市农业科技协作与创新攻关项目(202209TD01)。

摘　　要：恶苗病是水稻生产中的重要病害之一,从秧苗期到抽穗期均可发生,在秧苗期表现尤为严重。当前,针对水稻恶苗病的防治方法较为单一,以药剂浸种为主。本研究通过设置是否晒种、是否药剂浸种、不同种子处理剂等变量,探究了这些因素对种子发芽率及恶苗病发生的影响。结果表明,晒种1~2 d不仅能促进种子发芽,还能提高对水稻恶苗病的防控效果;在供试种子处理剂中,500倍11%精甲霜灵·咯菌腈·氟唑环菌胺对水稻恶苗病的防效尤为突出。建议浸种前晒种,后选用500倍11%精甲霜灵·咯菌腈·氟唑环菌胺作为种子处理剂于适宜温度下浸种,浸种后适温催芽,以确保种子发芽率并降低恶苗病发生。Rice bakanae disease is one of the important diseases in rice production,occurring from the seedling stage to the heading stage,with particularly severe symptoms during the seedling stage.Currently,the methods for controlling rice bakanae disease are relatively simple,mainly relying on soaking seeds by fungicides.This study investigated the effects of various factors,such as whether to sun the seeds,whether to use fungicides seed soaking,and different seed treatment agents,on seed germination rate and the occurrence of rice bakanae disease.The results showed that sunning the seeds for 1-2 days not only promoted seed germination but also improved the control effect on rice bakanae disease.Among the tested seed treatment agents,500 times diluted 11%metalaxyl fludioxonil fluxapyroxad had outstanding control effects on rice bakanae disease.It is recommended to sun the seeds before soaking,use 500 times diluted 11%metalaxyl fludioxonil fluxapyroxad as the seed treatment agent for soaking at an appropriate temperature,and then promote germination at a suitable temperature after soaking to ensure seed germination rate and reduce the occurrence of rice bakanae disease.

关 键 词：水稻 恶苗病 晒种 浸种 种子处理剂 发芽率 防控效果 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学] S435.111.44