两岸统一后反“台独”分裂机制设计——基于既有反分裂模式之经验借鉴  

Mechanism Design of the Anti-"Taiwan Independence"Secession after Reunification:Based on the Experience of Existing Anti-Secession Models

作　　者：薛永慧[1] 姚泽昊 XUE Yonghui;YAO Zehao(Institute for Taiwan Studies,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学台湾研究院,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《闽台关系研究》2025年第1期30-43,共14页Studies on Fujian-Taiwan Relations

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(22JJD820006)。

摘　　要：两岸统一后,为保障台湾地区的长治久安,应与时俱进地设计新时期反“台独”分裂机制。在世界范围内既有的反分裂实践中,美国模式、西班牙模式、坦桑尼亚模式、“一国两制”中国香港经验已取得了一定成效,将为两岸统一后的反“台独”分裂机制设计提供丰富的借鉴经验。既有反分裂模式的经验启示我们,在设计两岸统一后反“台独”分裂机制时应充分发挥法律资源的作用、增强台湾同胞对一个中国的国家认同、基于统一模式探讨台湾地区的自治程度,以及关注中国台湾问题的特殊性;在具体的反“台独”分裂机制设计上,应建立具有中国特色的反分裂法律体系、建构台湾地区公职人员就职宣誓制度、赋予中国台湾高度自治权并落实中央全面管治权,同时加强对台湾地区少数民族的权利保护。After the reunification of the two sides of the Taiwan Region Strait,in order to ensure the long-term peace and stability of the Taiwan region,it is necessary to design a new-era anti-"Taiwan independence"secession mechanism.Existing anti-secession models-including the U.S.,Spanish,and Tanzanian models,as well as Hong Kong's"One Country,Two Systems"experience-have demonstrated varying effectiveness and can provide valuable references for post-unification institutional design.These existing models provide some important experience for designing an anti-"Taiwan independence"secession mechanism.In designing the anti-"Taiwan independence"secession mechanism after the reunification of the Taiwan Straits,we should give full play to the role of legal resources,enhance the national identity of Taiwan compatriots to one China,discuss the degree of autonomy of Taiwan region based on the reunification model,and pay attention to the particularity of the Taiwan Region question.In the specific anti-"Taiwan independence"secession mechanism design,we should establish an anti-secession legal system with Chinese characteristics,require public officeholders in Taiwan to take an oath of allegiance to the nation,grant Taiwan a high degree of autonomy while ensuring oversight of central government,and improve the rights protection for ethnic minorities in Taiwan Region.

关 键 词：两岸统一 “台独” 反分裂 

分 类 号：D618[政治法律—政治学]