台湾地区外籍劳工发展现状及困境考察  

An Examination of the Current Situation and Dilemmas of Outside Workers Development in Taiwan Region

作　　者：吴元[1] WU Yuan(Institute of Overseas Chinese Studies,Fujian Academy of Social Sciences,Fuzhou 350001,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]福建社会科学院华侨华人研究所,福建福州350001

出　　处：《闽台关系研究》2025年第1期71-81,共11页Studies on Fujian-Taiwan Relations

摘　　要：20世纪90年代以来,为推动经济社会发展和缓解“缺工潮”问题,台湾地区当局引进大量外籍劳工。外籍劳工在台湾地区就业市场的占比持续增加,呈现4个结构性特征,并成为台湾地区产业发展不可或缺的重要参与者。但是,由于台湾地区当局的一系列歧视性规定、违规中介公司的层层盘剥,以及岛内产业转型升级困难等因素,在台外籍劳工面临被限于次级劳动力市场、岛内民众对其表现出抗拒心理等多重困境。外劳政策不合理、社会歧视、低薪等迫使一部分外籍劳工选择“逃跑”,进而引发各种社会问题。对此,台湾地区当局并未真正关切台湾地区民生问题和在台外籍劳工的福祉,而是将外劳政策作为政治攻防和选举议题进行炒作,“缺工潮”与外籍劳工潮问题将会继续困扰岛内经济发展。Since the 1990s,in order to promote economic and social development and alleviate the problem of"labor shortage",the Taiwan region authorities have introduced a large number of outside workers.The proportion of outside workers in Taiwan's labor market has been increasing,showing four structural characteristics,and has an indispensable important participant in Taiwan's industrial development.However,due to a series of discriminatory regulations by the Taiwan region authorities,the exploitation of intermediary companies,and the difficulties the transformation and upgrading of industries in Taiwan region,outside workers in Taiwan region face multiple dilemmas such as being confined to the secondary labor market and the resistance of the local.The unreasonable outside labor policy,social discrimination,and low wages force some outside workers to choose to"flee",which in turn triggers various social problems.To this,the Taiwan region authorities have not truly cared about the residents livelihood issues in Taiwan region and the well-being of outside workers in Taiwan region,but use the outside labor policy instead as a topic of political attack and defense between the ruling and opposition parties and as an election issue to hype,and the problems of"labor shortage"and outside worker tide will continue to plague the economic development in Taiwan region.

关 键 词：台湾地区 外籍劳工 外劳政策 产业转型 

分 类 号：F249.27[经济管理—劳动经济] D675.8[经济管理—国民经济]