近红外波段大气偏振态研究及实验验证  

Research and Experimental Verification of Atmospheric Polarization State in the Near-infrared Band

作　　者：陈智兴 勾万祥 佟帅 张梦瑶 李崇辉 CHEN Zhixing;GOU Wanxiang;TONG Shuai;ZHANG Mengyao;LI Chonghui(School of Geospatial Information,Information Engineering University,Zhengzhou 450001)

机构地区：[1]信息工程大学地理空间信息学院,郑州450001

出　　处：《空间科学学报》2025年第1期135-148,共14页Chinese Journal of Space Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(U23A20280);河南省自然科学基金项目(212300410421)共同资助。

摘　　要：大气偏振态研究是开展偏振探测、偏振遥感、偏振成像等应用的前提和基础.相较于可见光波段,近红外波段大气偏振态研究相对滞后.已有研究多以理论分析为主,缺乏实验验证.为此,本文采用短波红外图像传感器、红外镜头、红外偏振片、红外滤光片等搭建了近红外波段大气偏振测量系统,在晴朗天气条件下对全天空900~1700 nm近红外波段大气偏振态进行了测量.结果表明,在近红外波段大气呈现稳定偏振模式,其中大气偏振角分布稳定性明显优于大气偏振度分布;大气偏振模式与瑞利散射表征模型符合较好,全天区83%的点位模型偏振角误差小于10°,79%点位模型偏振度误差小于0.1,依托瑞利散射表征模型可有效预测各方位大气偏振态.此外,全天区大气整体偏振度不高,均值为0.13,正午时段仅为0.1,与以往文献理论推导和假设存在差异,偏振滤光技术是否适用于白昼目标探测应结合具体应用深入研究.The study of atmospheric polarization is the prerequisite and foundation for polarization detection,polarization remote sensing,polarization imaging and other applications.Compared with the visible wavelength,the research on atmospheric polarization state in the near-infrared wavelength is relatively lagging behind.The existing literature is dominated by theoretical analysis and lacks experimental verification.In this paper,a short-wave infrared image sensor,an infrared lens,an infrared polarizer,an infrared filter,etc.are used to build a near-infrared atmospheric polarization measurement system,and the polarization state of the atmosphere in the near-infrared band of 900~1700 nm is measured in the whole sky under the sunny weather conditions.The results show that the atmosphere shows stable polarization patterns in the near-infrared band,in which the stability of the atmospheric polarization angle distribution is obviously better than that of the atmospheric polarization degree distribution;the atmospheric polarization patterns are in good agreement with the Rayleigh scattering characterization model,with 83% of the points in the whole sky area having a polarization angle error of less than 10°,and 79% of the points having a polarization degree error of less than 0.1,which makes it possible to predict the atmospheric polarization states in various directions effectively by relying on the Rayleigh scattering characterization model.In addition,the overall polarization of the atmosphere in the whole daytime area is not high,with an average value of 0.13,and only 0.1 at noon,which is different from the theoretical derivation and assumption of the previous literature,and the applicability of polarization filtering technology to the detection of daytime targets should be investigated in depth in the context of specific applications.

关 键 词：大气偏振模式 瑞利散射 近红外 偏振度 偏振角 

分 类 号：P322[天文地球—地球物理学]