旧石器埋藏环境与人类行为分析——以丁村遗址群为例  

Taphonomic backgrounds of Paleolithic Artifacts and Human Behaviors——take the Dingcun site group as an ex ample

作　　者：王益人 Wang Yiren

机构地区：[1]山西省考古研究院

出　　处：《文物季刊》2025年第1期45-60,共16页Journal of Chinese Antiquity

摘　　要：旧石器遗存广泛埋藏于各种不同性质的地层之中,也就意味着它们存在于不同的埋藏环境之中。因此,埋藏环境就成了探究旧石器埋藏规律以及重建人类行为的一个重要媒介和基础。然而在过去的时间里,地层堆积仅仅被我们粗略地作为含有文化遗物的文化层和标定地质年代的坐标,我们既没有把它纳入观察人类行为的重点对象加以研究,也没有对旧石器文化遗存埋藏环境进行过深刻的理解和理论探讨。本文以丁村遗址群为例,就旧石器考古遗址中石制品的埋藏环境分析方法进行一个简单的梳理。从埋藏环境到人类行为,探讨了在不同埋藏环境下石器遗存的时空分布、密度以及遗址形态。在大量考古调查和实践的基础上,对原地埋藏情形下的遗址形态及其人类行为进行了初步探讨。希望本研究可以对旧石器考古调查、发掘以及人类行为研究提供一个可资借鉴的范例。Paleolithic artifacts were buried in different kinds of deposits,which suggests that they were also buried in different taphonomic backgrounds.Thus,the study of taphonomic backgrounds can be seen as an essential part to study distribution of artifacts and a bridge to reconstruct human behaviors.However,during the recent decades,depositional units,including strata,at least some of them,have been always regarded as just cultural layers containing artifacts or as rods to mark geological chronology.Archaeologists,in those years,failed to extract human behavior information from the observation,and lacked systematic discussion and theoretical exploration on their taphonomic backgrounds.Using the Dingcun site group as an example,the present study displays a preliminary and short generalization of the approach on taphonomic backgrounds of lithics in the Paleolithic sites,and it is expected to provide a model to guide survey and excavation of Chinese Paleolithic sites and reconstruct prehistoric human behaviors.

关 键 词：丁村遗址群 旧石器遗址 埋藏环境 遗址形态 人类行为 

分 类 号：K87[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]