地面效应对可动减振尾翼阵风减载装置影响的仿真研究  

Simulation Study of the Ground Effect on Movable Flap Gust Load Alleviating Devices

作　　者：钱远治 朱天军 杜尊令 李伟豪 梁建国 吴智锋 QIAN Yuanzhi;ZHU Tianjun;DU Zunling;LIWeihao;LIANG Jianguo;WU Zhifeng(School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering,Zhaoqing University,Zhaoqing,Guangdong 526061,China)

机构地区：[1]肇庆学院机械与汽车工程学院,广东肇庆526061

出　　处：《肇庆学院学报》2025年第2期55-62,共8页Journal of Zhaoqing University

基　　金：肇庆学院科研基金(QN202342);国家自然科学基金(52372365);广东省教育厅项目(2023ZDZX1032)。

摘　　要：地面效应对路面车辆的空气动力学性能具有重要影响,尤其对于翼身融合和轻量级的车辆,参加世界太阳能挑战赛的赛车即为此类车辆的典型代表.研究通过计算流体力学(CFD)模拟,研究了在地面效应条件下可动减振尾翼对NACA 0015翼型车体的空气动力影响.分析模型预测,在后四分之一弦长位置设置的可动减振尾翼可将升力变化减少25%.相较而言,CFD模拟结果显示尾翼的减载效果较弱,这是由于分析模型采用理想化假设,即在无边界层分离条件下的薄板模型且忽略阵风碰撞的发展过程.因此,分析模型显示可动尾翼对升力变化的抑制效果较佳.此外,在靠近地面的情况下,尾翼的减载性能在小攻角时有所削弱;但在攻角超过10度时有所恢复,这种现象归因于扭转可动减振尾翼对流动分离的抑制作用.总体而言,在接近地面的条件下,受到地面效应影响,活动尾翼对减少阵风致升力变化的效果相比自由场中的情况有所下降.The ground effect has a significant impact on the aerodynamic performance of road vehicles,especially for vehicles with a blended wing-body design and lightweight structure,such as the racing cars participating in the World Solar Challenge.This study uses computational fluid dynamics(CFD)simulations to investigate the aerodynamic effects of a movable damping tail wing on a NACA 0015 airfoil vehicle under ground effect conditions.The analytical model predicts that when the movable damping tail wing is placed at the rear quarter chord position,the lift variation can be reduced by 25%.In contrast,the CFD simulation results show that the load reduction effect of the tail wing is weaker.This discrepancy is attributed to the idealized assumptions made in the analytical model,namely,the use of a thin-plate model under conditions without boundary layer separation and the neglect of the development process of gust collisions.As a result,the analytical model indicates a more effective suppression of lift variation by the movable tail wing.Furthermore,under near-ground conditions,the tail wing's load reduction performance is somewhat weakened at small angles of attack;however,it recovers when the angle of attack exceeds 10 degrees.This phenomenon is attributed to the torsional movable damping tail wing's ability to suppress flow separation.Overall,under near-ground conditions influenced by the ground effect,the effectiveness of the movable tail wing in reducing gust-induced lift variations is diminished compared to that in free-field conditions.

关 键 词：可动减振尾翼 地面效应 翼身融合车辆 阵风减载装置 

分 类 号：V211[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]