基于国标ICF-RS分析养老机构老年人功能状况的研究  

Functional status of the elderly in pension institutions based on ICF-RS

作　　者：韩燕 潘淑芬 宋成宪 梁创银 赖舒霞 彭源 何小飞 Han Yan;Pan Shufeng;Song Chengxian(Guangzhou nursing Home,Guangzhou 510500,China)

机构地区：[1]广州市老人院,广州510500 [2]广州第一人民医院,广州510500 [3]中山大学附属第三医院,广州510500

出　　处：《中国康复》2025年第3期162-166,共5页Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2023YFC3603800)。

摘　　要：目的:本研究旨在采用国家标准《国际功能、残疾、健康分类的康复组合评定(ICF-RS)》对养老机构老年人功能障碍特征进行分析,探索影响养老机构中老年人生活质量的核心问题,进而为改善老年人生活质量,提高养老机构服务质量提供方向。方法:招募广州市老人院2022年12月~2023年12月入住的老年人,共计370人纳入研究。采用ICF-RS量化标准从身体功能、活动和参与3个维度分析研究对象功能障碍的特征,通过对研究对象每个类目的限定值根据均值进行分析。结果:通过分析ICF-RS三个维度限定值的取值情况,发现b640性功能(2.98±0.40)、b455运动和耐受能力(2.66±0.76)、d455到处移动(3.85±0.47)、d470利用交通工具(2.82±1.30)等类目得分均较高;50%以上的研究对象在18个项目中表现出功能障碍,整体功能方面中重度障碍占比达55.41%。年龄(OR=1.03,95%CI=1.003~1.056,P=0.002)和女性(OR=0.49,95%CI=0.304~792,P=0.019)分别是老年人功能障碍的危险和保护因素。结论:ICF-RS可用于评估养老机构老年人的功能障碍特征,总体而言,养老机构老年人整体状况并不乐观。工作人员需要加强对老年人的护理和关注,并针对这些功能障碍制定相应的康复计划和支持措施。Objective:To analyze the characteristics of functional impairment among elderly individuals in nursing homes using the International Classification of Functioning,Disability and Health Rehabilitation Set(ICF-RS),explore the core issues affecting the quality of life of the elderly in the elderly institutions,and then provide the direction for improving the quality of life of the elderly and improving the service quality of the elderly institutions.Method:A total of 370 elderly individuals who are scheduled to stay at Guangzhou nursing Home from December 2022 to December 2023 were recruited for this study.ICF-RS quantification criteria were used to analyze the characteristics of the dysfunction of the study subjects from the three dimensions of physical function,activity and participation,including the mean value of the study object.Results:By analyzing the value of the three defined values of ICF-RS,it was found that b640 sexual function(2.98±0.40),b455 movement and tolerance(2.66±0.76),d455 moving everywhere(3.85±0.47),and d470 using vehicles(2.82±1.30)had high scores,indicating that the elderly were seriously injured in the above functions.More than 50% of the study subjects showed dysfunction in 18 items,and the moderate and severe impairment in overall function reached 55.41%.Age(OR=1.03,95%CI=1.003-1.056,P=0.002)and female(OR=0.49,95%CI=0.304-792,P=0.019)were risk and protective factors for dysfunction in the elderly,respectively.Overall,the overall situation of the elderly in pension institutions is not optimistic.Conclusion:ICF-RS can be used to assess the functional impairment characteristics of the elderly in nursing homes.At the same time,staff needs to strengthen their care and attention to the elderly and develop corresponding rehabilitation plans and support measures for these functional disorders.

关 键 词：国际功能、残疾、健康分类的康复组合评定 养老机构 老年人 功能障碍 

分 类 号：R49[医药卫生—康复医学]