我国大学院系治理组织模式重塑的思考——基于112部高校章程的编码分析  

Reflections on the Reshaping of Organizational System for Secondary Departments in Chinese Universities——Coding Analysis Based on the Sample Charters of 112 Universities

作　　者：蔡樱华[1] 熊庆年[1] CAI Yinghua;XIONG Qingnian(Fudan Univversity,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学,上海200433

出　　处：《现代教育科学》2025年第2期1-7,共7页Modern Education Science

基　　金：2024年上海市教卫党委系统党建研究立项重点课题“完善上下贯通、执行有力的高校院系党的组织体系制度建设研究”(项目编号:2024ZD12)。

摘　　要：高校作为中国创新体系的重要支柱,其内部院系治理架构的设计不仅体现国家治理制度的深刻内涵,也是高校治理体系的核心支撑。当前的高校院系治理存在着上下级组织关系定位偏差、责权界限模糊等一系列问题,严重削弱了院系组织对高校治理制度的参与度和认同度。对教育部正式核准的112部大学章程的文本编码分析表明,我国高校院系治理主要沿袭了“结构控制模式”。在这一模式下,学校层面往往忽视了院系治理所蕴含的学科特殊性,倾向于依赖行政手段来推动各项改革;而院系层面则缺乏学术自治的内生动力,过多地依赖于校级资源来推进改革。建议院系治理应更加凸显其学科属性,切实增强学术自主权;同时,应充分利用现代化制度设计优化院系组织架构,构建起有利于激发创新活力的“组织激励模式”,从而充分释放中国高校的学术潜能,并有力塑造其组织内部的认同感与凝聚力。As an important pillar of China s innovation system,the design of the internal departmental governance structure of universities not only reflects the profound connotation of the national governance system,but also the core support of university governance system.However,there are a series of problems in the current governance of university departments,such as the deviation in the positioning of hierarchical organizational relationships and the blurred boundaries of responsibilities and powers,which seriously weaken the participation and recognition of departmental organizations in the governance system of universities.This study conducted an in-depth and detailed text coding analysis of 112 university charters officially approved by the Ministry of Education,revealing that the governance of departments in Chinese universities mainly follows the“structural control model”.Under this model,the school level often ignores the discipline particularity contained in the governance of colleges and departments,and tends to rely on administrative means to promote various reforms;At the departmental level,there is a lack of endogenous motivation for academic autonomy,relying too much on school level resources to promote reforms.In response to the above issues,it is suggested that departmental governance should highlight the disciplinary attributes and effectively enhance academic autonomy;At the same time,modern institutional design should be fully utilized to optimize the organizational structure of departments and build an“organizational incentive model”that is conducive to stimulating innovation vitality,thereby fully unleashing the academic potential of Chinese universities and effectively shaping the sense of identity and cohesion within the organization.

关 键 词：大学章程 院系治理 学术自主权 结构控制模式 组织激励模式 

分 类 号：G647[文化科学—高等教育学]